VISUAL DICTIONARY XVI Flashcards
(156 cards)
1
Q
What is a branch of mathematics that deals with the properties, measurement, and relationships of points, lines, angles, and solids deduced from their defining conditions by means of certain assumed properties of space?
A
GEOMETRY
2
Q
What is a dimensionless geometric element that has no property but location, such as the intersection of two lines?
A
POINT
3
Q
What is the axis along which ordinates or y-values are measured in a Cartesian coordinate system?
A
Y-AXIS
AXIS OF ORDINATES
4
Q
What is a coordinate determined by measuring parallel to the z-axis?
A
Z-COORDINATE
5
Q
What is the axis along which values of z are measured in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system?
A
Z-AXIS
6
Q
What is the axis along which abscissas or x-values are measured in a Cartesian coordinate system?
A
X-AXIS
AXIS OF ABSCISSAS
7
Q
What is a coordinate determined by measuring parallel to the x-axis?
A
ABSCISSA
X-COORDINATE
8
Q
what is any set of numbers that serve to specify the location of a point on a line, surface, or in space by reference to a fixed figure or system of lines?
A
COORDINATE
9
Q
What is any of the coordinates for locating a point on a plane by its distance from each of two intersecting lines, or in space by its distance from each of three planes intersecting at a point?
A
CARTESIAN COORDINATE
10
Q
What is a coordinate determined by measuring parallel to the y-axis?
A
ORDINATE
Y-COORDINATE
11
Q
What is a straight line segment that joins a variable point to the fixed origin of a polar coordinate system?
A
RADIUS VECTOR
12
Q
What is the angle formed by the polar axis and a radius vector in a polar coordinate system?
A
POLAR ANGLE
13
Q
What is the reference axis from which the polar angle is measured in a polar coordinate system?
A
POLAR AXIS
14
Q
what is a system for locating a point on a plane by its radius vector and polar angle?
A
POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM
15
Q
What is a Cartesian coordinate system in which the axes or coordinate planes are perpendicular?
A
RECTANGULAR COORDINATE SYSTEM
16
Q
What is a geometric element generated by a moving point and having extension without breadth or thickness?
A
LINE
17
Q
What is the space between two lines diverging from a common point, or within two planes diverging from a common line, the figure so formed?
A
ANGLE
18
Q
What is the point at which the sides of an angle intersect?
A
VERTEX
19
Q
What is an angle of 90° formed by the perpendicular intersection of two straight lines?
A
RIGHT ANGLE
20
Q
What is an angle less than 90°?
A
ACUTE ANGLE
21
Q
what is an angle greater than 90° but less than 180°?
A
OBTUSE ANGLE
22
Q
what is the amount of rotation needed to bring one line or plane into coincidence with another, measured in radians or in degrees, minutes, and seconds?
A
ANGLE
23
Q
What is a unit of angular measure equal to the central angle subtending an arc equal in length to the radius?
A
RADIAN
24
Q
what is a unit of angular measure, equal to 1/360th of a complete angle or turn, or of the circumference of a circle?
A
DEGREE
25
What is the both part of a degree of angular measure?
MINUTE
26
What is the 60th part of a minute of angular measure?
SECOND
27
What is the extent or distance upward from a given level to a fixed point?
HEIGHT
28
What is the line or surface forming the part of a geometric figure that is most nearly horizontal or on which it is supposed to stand, from which an altitude can be constructed?
BASE
29
What is the perpendicular distance from the base of a geometric figure to the opposite vertex, parallel side, or parallel surface?
ALTITUDE
30
What do you call the branch of geometry that deals with plane figures?
PLANE GEOMETRY
31
What do you call a surface generated by a straight line moving at a constant velocity with respect to a fixed point, such that a straight line joining any two of its points lies wholly in the surface?
PLANE
32
What do you call a combination of geometric elements disposed in a particular form or shape?
FIGURE
33
What is a close plane figure having three or more straight sides?
POLYGON
34
What do you call a polygon having four sides and four angles?
QUADRILATERAL
35
What do you call a polygon having three sides and three angles?
TRIANGLE
36
What do you call reentering or pointing inward, such as an interior angle of a polygon that is greater than 180°?
REENTRANT
37
What is an outward projecting angle or part?
SALIENT
38
What is the angle formed between any side of a polygon and an extended adjacent side?
EXTERIOR ANGLE
39
What is the angle formed inside a polygon between any two adjacent sides?
INTERIOR ANGLE
40
What is a triangle having two sides of equal length?
ISOSCELES TRIANGLE
41
What is a triangle having three unequal sides?
SCALENE
42
Refers to forming, formed by, or characterized by straight lines
RECTILINEAR
43
Refers to having edges, surfaces, or faces that meet at right angles?
RECTANGULAR
44
What is an oblique line or surface as one formed by cutting off the corner of a square or cube?
CANT
45
What is the branch of mathematics that deals with the properties of triangles and trigonometric functions and of their applications?
TRIGONOMETRY
46
What is a function of an angle, as sine or cosine, expressed as the ratio of the sides of a right triangle?
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION
47
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side opposite a given angle to the hypotenuse?
SINE
48
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side adjacent to a given angle to the hypotenuse?
COSINE
49
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side opposite a given angle to the side adjacent to the angle?
TANGENT
50
What is the trigonometric function defined as ratio of the hypotenuse to the side adjacent to a given angle?
SECANT
51
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the hypotenuse to the side opposite a given angle?
COSECANT
52
What is the trigonometric function defined as the ratio of the side adjacent to a given angle to the side opposite the angle?
COTANGENT
53
What is a triangle having a right angle?
RIGHT TRIANGLE
54
What is the side of a right triangle that is opposite the right angle?
HYPOTENUSE
55
What is the theorem that states that the square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle equals the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides?
PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM
56
What is a quadrilateral having both pairs of opposite sides parallel to each other?
PARALLELOGRAM
57
What is a quadrilateral having only two sides parallel?
TRAPEZOID
58
What is a quadrilateral having no two sides parallel?
TRAPEZIUM
59
What is a perpendicular from the center of a regular polygon to one of its size?
APOTHEM
60
What is a close plane curve every point of which is equidistant from a fixed point within the curve?
CIRCLE
61
What is any part of the circumference of a circle?
ARC
62
What is a straight line extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the circumference or bonding surface?
RADIUS
63
What is a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle?
SECTOR
64
What is a straight line extending through the center of a circle or sphere and meeting the circumference or bounding surface at each end?
DIAMETER
65
What is the point within a circle or sphere equally distant from all points of the circumference or surface or the point within a regular polygon equally distant from the vertices?
CENTER
66
Refers to not having the same center or center line
ECCENTRIC
67
Denoting circles, arcs, or spheres having a common center?
CONCENTRIC
68
What is an arc of 90°, or any of the four quarters into which a plane figure is divided by two perpendicular lines, numbered counterclockwise from the upper right?
QUADRANT
69
What is the boundary line of a closed curvilinear figure especially the perimeter of a circle?
CIRCUMFERENCE
70
What is the symbol denoting the ratio between the circumference of a circle and its diameter, a constant equal to 3.14159?
PI (π)
71
What is a close plane curve generated by a point moving in such a way that the sum of its distances from two fixed points, the foci, is a constant?
ELLIPSE
72
What is the access passing through the two full side of an ellipse?
MAJOR AXIS
73
What is the axis of an ellipse that is perpendicular to the major axis at the point equidistant from the foci?
MINOR AXIS
74
What is a plane curve generated by a point so moving that it remains equidistant from a fixed line and a fixed point not on the line?
PARABOLA
75
What is a plane curve generated by a point so moving that the difference of the distances from two fixed points in the plane remains constant?
HYPERBOLA
76
What is a straight line limiting a curve such that the perpendicular distance from the curve to the line approaches zero as the curve is extended to infinity?
ASYMPTOTE
77
What is the straight line segment between two points on a given curve?
CHORD
78
What is a continuously bending line without angles?
CURVE
79
What is a continuously bending line without angles?
CURVE
80
What is curved inward like the interior of a circular arc or hollow sphere?
CONCAVE
81
What is a change of curvature from convex to concave or vice versa?
INFLECTION
82
What is curved or rounded outward like the exterior of a circle or sphere?
CONVEX
83
What is a point where two branches of curve meet, end, and are tangent
CUSP
84
Reference to touching at a single point, such as a straight line in relation to a curve, or in contact along a single line, such as a plane with a cylinder
TANGENT
85
What is a three-dimensional curve traced on a cylinder or cone by the rotation of a point crossing its right sections at a constant oblique angle?
HELIX
86
What is a curve generated by a point on the circumference of a circle as it rolls along a straight line?
CYCLOID
87
what is a branch of geometry that deals with solid figures and three-dimensional space?
SOLID GEOMETRY
88
What is a solid generated by the revolution of a semicircle about its diameter, whose surface is at all points equidistant from the center?
SPHERE
89
What is a solid bounded by two parallel planes and a surface generated by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and intersecting a closed plane curve in one of the planes?
CYLINDER
90
What is a cylinder generated by a rectangle about one of its sides?
RIGHT CIRCULAR CYLINDER
91
What is a solid whose surface is generated by a straight line, the generator, passing through a fixed point, the vertex, and moving along the intersection with a closed plane curve, the directrix?
CONE
92
What is a come generated by rotating a right triangle about one of its legs?
RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE
93
What do you call a geometric figure having the three dimensions of length, breadth, and thickness?
SOLID / BODY
94
What do you call the extent of a three-dimensional object or the amount of space that it occupies, measured in cubic units?
VOLUME
95
What do you call any figure having only two dimensions, such as a plane or curved two-dimensional locus of points defining the boundary of a solid?
SURFACE
96
What is an element that generates a geometric figure, esp. a straight line that generates a surface by moving in a specified fashion?
GENERATOR / GENERATRIX
97
What is a fixed line used in the description of a curve or surface?
DIRECTRIX
98
What is the point within a regular polygon equally distant from the vertices?
CENTER
99
What is a line at which a surface terminates or at which two surfaces of a solid meet?
EDGE
100
What is a point in a geometric solid common to three or more sides?
VERTEX
101
What is a solid geometric figure bounded by plane faces?
POLYHEDRON
102
What is a polyhedron having a polygonal base and triangular faces meeting at a common point or vertex?
PYRAMID
103
What is a regular polyhedron bounded by four plane faces?
TETRAHEDRON
104
What is a solid bounded by six equal square sides, the angle between any two adjacent faces being a right angle?
CUBE
105
What is a regular polyhedron having six faces?
HEXAHEDRON
106
What is a polyhedron having ends that are parallel, congruent polygons and sides that are parallelograms?
PRISM
107
what is a regular polyhedron having **8 faces**?
OCTAHEDRON
108
What is a regular polyhedron having **12 faces**?
DODECAHEDRON
109
What is a regular polyhedron having **20 faces**?
ICOSAHEDRON
110
Refers to the 5 regular polyhedrons: tetrahedron, hexahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron, or icosahedron
PLATONIC SOLID
111
what are the 5 platonic solids?
TETRAHEDRON
HEXAHEDRON
OCTAHEDRON
DODECAHEDRON
ICOSAHEDRON
112
What is a hard, brittle, usually transparent or translucent substance, produced by fusing silica together with a flux and a stabilizer into a mass that cools to a rigid condition without crystallization?
GLASS
113
What is an old form of window glass formed by blowing and whirling a hollow sphere of glass into a flat, circular disk with a center lump left by the worker's rod?
CROWN GLASS
114
What is a flat, soda-lime-silica glass fabricated by drawing the molten glass from a furnace, or by forming a cylinder, dividing it lengthwise, and flattening it?
SHEET GLASS
115
What is a glass fabricated by drawing glass from a furnace?
DRAWN GLASS
116
What glass is fabricated by forming a cylinder, dividing it lengthwise, and flattening it?
CYLINDER GLASS
117
What is a flat, soda-lime-silica glass formed by rolling molten glass into a plate that is subsequently ground and polished after cooling?
PLATE GLASS
118
what is a flat, soda-lime-silica glass that is extremely smooth and nearly distortion-free, manufactured by pouring molten glass onto a surface of molten tin and allowing it to cool slowly?
FLOAT GLASS
119
What is annealed glass that is partially tempered by a process of reheating and sudden cooling?
HEAT-STRENGTHENED GLASS
120
What is annealed glass that is reheated to just below the softening point and then rapidly cooled to induce compressive stresses in the surfaces and edges of the glass and tensile in the interior?
TEMPERED GLASS
121
What is two or more plies of flat glass bonded under heat and pressure to interlays of polyvinyl butyral resin that retains the fragments if the glass is broken?
LAMINATED GLASS
122
What is a laminated glass having exceptional tensile and impact strength, consisting of multiple plies of glass bonded under heat and pressure to interlays of polyvinyl butyral resin?
SECURITY GLASS
123
What is laminated or insulating glass used for sound control?
ACOUSTICAL GLASS
124
What is a glass unit consisting of two or more sheets of glass separated by hermetically-sealed airspaces?
INSULATING GLASS
125
What is a glass having a chemical admixture to absorb a portion of the radiant heat and visible light that strike it?
TINTED GLASS / HEAT-ABSORBING GLASS
126
What is a glass having a thin, translucent metallic coating bonded to the exterior or interior surface to reflect a portion of the light and radiant heat that strike it?
REFLECTIVE GLASS
127
What is a glass that transmit visible light while selectively reflecting the longer wavelengths of radiant heat, produced by depositing a low-emissivity coating either on the glass itself or over a transparent plastic film suspended in the sealed air space of insulating glass?
LOW-EMISSIVITY (LOW-E) GLASS
128
What do you call the relative ability of a surface to emit radiant heat, measured against a black body at the same temperature?
EMISSIVITY
129
What is a flat or patterned glass having a square or diamond wire mesh embedded within it to prevent shattering in the event of breakage or excessive heat?
WIRE GLASS
130
What is a glass having an irregular surface pattern formed in the rolling process to obscure vision or to diffuse light?
PATTERNED GLASS / FIGURED GLASS
131
what is a glass having one or both sides acid-etched or sandblasted to obscure vision?
OBSCURE GLASS
132
What is an opaque glass for concealing the structural elements in curtain wall construction. produced by fusing a ceramic frit to the interior surface of tempered or heat-strengthened glass?
SPANDREL GLASS
133
What is a translucent, hollow block of glass with clear, textured, or patterned faces, made by fusing two halves together with a partial vacuum inside and used for glazing openings?
GLASS BLOCK
134
What is a solid, impact-resistant glass block unit, sometimes having an insert or coated to reduce solar heat transmission?
GLASS BRICK
135
What is the setting of a glass pane in a rabbeted frame, holding it in place with glazier's points, and sealing it with a beveled bead of putty or glazing compound?
FACE GLAZING
136
What is the putty or glazing compound formed on the exterior side of a glass pane?
FACE PUTTY
137
What do you call the panes or sheet of glass or other transparent material made to be set in frames, as in windows, doors, or mirrors?
GLAZING
138
What is the setting of glass in a window frame with glazing tape or liquid sealant?
WET GLAZING
139
What is a performed ribbon of synthetic rubber having adhesive properties and used in glazing to form a watertight seal between glass and frame?
GLAZING TAPE
140
What is an adhesive liquid of synthetic rubber injected into the joint between a glass pane and a window frame, curing to form a watertight seal?
CAP SEALANT
CAP BEAD
141
What is a wood molding or metal section secured against the edge of a glass pane to hold it in place?
GLAZING BEAD
GLAZING STOP
142
What is an adhesive liquid of synthetic rubber injected between a glass pane and a glazing bead, curing to form an airtight seal?
HEEL BEAD
143
what is a thin layer of putty or glazing compound laid in the rabbet of a window sash to give a pane of glass an even backing?
BEDDING
144
What is a small, pointed piece of sheet metal for holding a glass pane in a wood sash until the face putty has hardened?
GLAZIER'S POINT
GLAZING BRAD
SPRIG
145
What is a compound of whiting and linseed oil, of doughlike consistency when fresh, used in securing windowpanes or patching woodwork effects?
PUTTY
146
What is an adhesive compound used as putty, formulated so as not to become brittle with age?
GLAZING COMPOUND
147
What is one of the small blocks of synthetic rubber placed between the side edges of a glass pane and a frame to center it, maintain a uniform width of sealant, and limit lateral movement caused by building vibrations or thermal expansion or contraction?
EDGE BLOCK
CENTERING SHIM
SPACER
148
What is one of the small blocks of lead or synthetic rubber placed under the lower edge of a glass frame to support it within a frame?
SETTING BLOCK
149
What is a glazing system in which sheets of tempered glass are suspended from special clamps, stabilized by perpendicular stiffeners of tempered glass, and joined by a structural silicone sealant and sometimes by metal patch plates?
GLASS MULLION SYSTEM
150
what do you call the installation of two parallel panes of glass with a sealed air space between to reduce the transmission of heat and sound?
DOUBLE GLAZING
151
What is the setting of glass in a window frame with a compression gasket instead of glazing tape or a liquid sealant?
DRY GLAZING
152
What is a performed strip of synthetic rubber or plastic compressed between a glass pane and a window frame to form a watertight seal and cushion for the glass?
COMPRESSION GASKET
153
What is a performed gasket of synthetic rubber for securing a glass pane in a window frame or opening, held in compression by forcing a keyed locking strip into a groove in the gasket?
LOCKSTRIP GASKET
154
What is a glazing system in which the framing members are set entirely behind the glass panes or units to form a flush exterior surface, the glass adhering to the framing with a structural silicone sealant?
FLUSH GLAZING
155
What is a high-strength silicone sealant capable of adhering glass to a supporting frame?
STRUCTURAL SEALANT
156
What is a glazing system in which the glass panes or units are supported at the head and sill in a conventional manner, with their vertical edges being joined with a structural silicone sealant without mullions?
BUTT-JOINT GLAZING
