W1 REFERENCES Flashcards
(7 cards)
Q: What is developmental change?
A: Developmental change is the process of change that occurs in human beings throughout development. (Karmiloff-Smith, 2013)
Q: What is the significance of increased brain folding?
A: Increased folding of the brain is associated with greater complexity in brain development. (Cachia et al., 2022)
Q: What happens to unused synapses in early development?
A: Unused synapses are eliminated through synaptic pruning; synapse numbers peak around 8 months, decline in childhood, then stabilise and decrease in old age. (Huttenlocher, 1990)
Q: How do synapses and neurons change between 6 months and 1 year?
A: Synapse number increases, and newborn neurons develop structure and myelination, which enhances signal transmission. (Keil, 2014)
Q: What is the role of myelination in brain development?
A: Myelination increases during development; adult brains are well-insulated and process quickly, while newborns show rapid growth in myelination during the first year. (Kulikova et al., 2016)
Q: How do children construct knowledge, according to cognitive development theory?
A: Children actively construct knowledge like “little scientists,” developing through qualitative stages. (Jean Piaget, 1896–1980)
Q: What evidence supports the idea that cognitive abilities can be innate?
A: Number discrimination is present at birth, supporting the nativist perspective. (Izard et al., 2009)
