Week 1 Flashcards
The Integumentary System (20 cards)
The healing of burns and epidermal regeneration is usually uneventful unless the burn is a third degree burn. What accounts for this?
It means the burn has destroyed the epidermis and dermis layers. The skin can not regenerate.
Although the anterior head and face represent only a small percentage of the body surface, burns to this area are often more serious than those to the body trunk. Why?
Burns to the head and face can impede on the entraces to the circulatory system- mouth and nose.
What change to the skin leads to cold intolerance in the elderly?
the subcutaneous layer of fat which supports body insulation diminishes as we age.
What are the layers of epidermis?
Stratum Corneum, Stratum Granulosim, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale.
What are the layers of skin?
Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis
What physical barriers do we have against pathogens??
physical- hair and skin. biological- dendrites. chemical- sweat glands, acid mantle, sebaceous glands.
What are the cells and their functions in the epidermis?
Keratinocytes- produce keratin. Melanocytes- create pigment melatin. dendritic cells- phagocytes. tactile cells- responsible for sensory receptor.
which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastisize?
Sqaumous cell carcinomas
What is the first threat to life from a massive third degree burn?
hypovolemia. catastrophic fluid loss.
What age groups are prone to skin sensitivity, irratstion and injury? why?
infants- havent developed skin mantle. elderly- thin skin
What is the function of a dendritic cell? What layer of the epidermis are they found in?
phagocytes that consume bacteria and produce antibodies. Found in the Stratum Spinoseum layer.
What percentage of the body’s blood supply is found in the dermal layer?
5%
The least malignant and most common skin cancer is?
Basal Cell Carcinomas
What does the ABCDE rule stand for?
Asymmetry, Border Irregularity, Colour, Diameter, Evolving
The integumentary system consists of the skin and what 3 appendages?
hair, nails, cutaneous glands
What cells does the epidermis consist of?
epithelial and dendritic cells
List 6 functions of the integumentary system
- protection from foreign pathogens 2. gives us structure 3. temperature control 4. insulates the body 5. protection for organs 6. synthesizes vitamins 7. prevents dehydration 8. provides cutaneous sensation 9. excretea toxins
What are 4 things that happen to the skin during ageing?
- loss of elastin 2. loss of adipose tissue 3. skin becomes dry 4. thinning of epidermal layer
Abrasions will not bleed as much as lacerations. Explain why.
only effects epidermal layer- no blood capillaries in stratum corneum layer.
What benefit is conferred by suturing the lacerations?
encourages faster healing and minimal scarring. also minimises infection risk.
