Week 1: The State of Inequality in the U.S. Flashcards

Farley, Chapters 5 and 10

1
Q

Distribution of population by race/ethnicity in the U.S in 2010?

A
Non-Hispanic White: 64%
Black: 13%
Hispanic: 16%
Asian: 5%
American Indian: 0.9%
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2
Q

Change in distribution of race/ethnicity in the U.S. since 1960?

A

White - decreased
Hispanic - increased
Black - increased
Asian - increased

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3
Q

Wealth

A

Assets, stocks, real estate

  • important in breaking the cycle of poverty and inequality
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4
Q

Political representation

A

House of Representatives
Black: 9%
Hispanic: 5%

Overall Elected Officials
Black: 1.8%
Hispanic: 1%

2008 - First Black President Elected

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5
Q

Caste System

A
  • rigid system, no social mobility
  • status defined by birth: ASCRIBED STATUS
  • defined by religion (e.g., India), race (e.g., South Africa)
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6
Q

Class System

A
  • possibility of social mobility
  • status defined by a person’s actions: ACHIEVED STATUS
  • everyone has the same chance of mobility
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7
Q

Paternalistic Race Relations

Slavery

A
  • similar to caste system, ascribed status
  • paternalism: minority as helpless
  • no competition between groups
  • no conflict: punishment and (perceived) acceptance
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8
Q

Rigid Competitive Race Relations

1880s-1960s Jim Crow Laws

A
  • ascribed status play large role
  • more competition (jobs, housing)
  • majority feels threatened, conflict between groups
  • increased formal discrimination
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9
Q

Fluid Competitive Race Relations

1960s - present

A
  • similar to class system
  • formal discrimination is illegal
  • high level of competition, more conflict and protests
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10
Q

Forms of initial contact

A
  • Colonization
  • Annexation (voluntary or involuntary), taking control of..
  • Immigration (voluntary or involuntary)
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11
Q

Conditions for the development of inequality

A
  • ethnocentrism: view one’s own group as the norm (superior)
  • competition or opportunity for exploitation
  • unequal power
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