Week 12

Question 1

What type of muscle is multinucleate?

Answer 1

skeletal muscle

Question 2

Are skeletal muscles controlled
by hormones?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

What is the specialized plasma membrane of skeletal muscles?

Answer 3

sarcolemma

Question 4

What are long organelles inside muscle cell?

Answer 4

myofibrils

Question 5

What bands give the muscle its striped appearance?

Answer 5

Light (I) bands and dark (A) bands

Question 6

What type of muscle is fusiformed?

Answer 6

smooth muscle

Question 7

What are the (3) layers of connective tissue of skeletal muscles?

Answer 7

• epimysium
• perimysium (surrounds fascicles)
• endomysium

Question 8

What layer does the cardiac and smooth muscle both have in common and only that?

Answer 8

endomysium

Question 9

a bundle of skeletal muscle cells is called?

Answer 9

A fascicle

Question 10

Muscle fiber is AKA?

Answer 10

Skeletal muscle cell

Question 11

What is the contractile unit of a
muscle fiber?

Answer 11

Sarcomere

Question 12

Is I band light or dark bands?

Answer 12

Light bands

Question 13

Is A band light or dark bands?

Answer 13

Dark bands

Question 14

Which banding pattern contains only thin filaments?

Answer 14

Light bands / (I) bands

Question 15

Which banding pattern contains only the entire length of the thick filaments?

Answer 15

Dark bands / (A) bands

Question 16

thin filaments are AKA?

Answer 16

Actin

Question 17

thick filaments are AKA?

Answer 17

Myosin

Question 18

What is a support beam of the actin bridge (a midline interupption)?

Answer 18

Z disc

Question 19

What is a support beam of the myosin bridge (a midline interruption)?

Answer 19

M line

Question 20

The region between two Z discs is where sarcomeres are present, true or false?

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What zone is a lighter central area?

Answer 21

H zone

Question 22

M line is in center of what?

Answer 22

H zone

Question 23

What myofilaments in the sarcomere are composed of the contractile protein
actin?

Answer 23

Thin filaments

Question 24

When myosin heads link thick and
thin filaments during contraction, this is referred to as?

Answer 24

Cross bridges

Question 25

Does myosin or actin contain ATPase?

Answer 25

myosin

Question 26

What specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum stores and releases calcium in the skeletal muscle?

Answer 26

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

Question 27

What does Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) surround?

Answer 27

Myofiber

Question 28

Irritability is AKA?

Answer 28

responsiveness

Question 29

The ability for the cell to receive and respond to a stimulus is referred to as?

Answer 29

irritability

Question 30

The ability for the cell to shorten when an adequate stimulus is received is called?

Answer 30

Contractility

Question 31

The ability of muscle cells to be stretched is called?

Answer 31

extensibility

Question 32

The ability for the cell to recoil and resume resting length after stretching is called?

Answer 32

Elasticity

Question 33

In order for skeletal muscles to contract, it must be stimulated by what type of cell?

Answer 33

a motor neuron (nerve cell)

Question 34

When one motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle cells stimulated by that neuron, this is known as?

Answer 34

Motor unit

Question 35

The association site of axon terminal of the motor neuron and sarcolemma of a muscle is called?

Answer 35

Neuromuscular junction

Question 36

What neurotransmitter stimulates skeletal muscle?

Answer 36

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 37

What is the gap between nerve and muscle that is filled with interstitial fluid?

Answer 37

Synaptic cleft

Question 38

Is muscle fiber contraction is “all or none” or gradual?

Answer 38

All or none

Question 39

different degrees of skeletal muscle shortening is AKA?

Answer 39

Graded responses

Question 40

What immediate source of energy for muscle contraction do we need?

Answer 40

ATP

Question 41

(3) Three ways to generate ATP?

Answer 41

1. Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate 2. Aerobic respiration 3. Anaerobic glycolysis and lactic acid formation

Question 42

What type of acid produces muscle fatigue and needs a huge amount of glucose?

Answer 42

Lactic acid

Question 43

Anaerobic glycolysis reaction that breaks down glucose without?

Answer 43

Oxygen

Question 44

In anaerobic glycolysis, glucose is first broken down to pyruvic acid and then it is converted to?

Answer 44

Lactic acid

Question 45

The temporary shortage of oxygen in the body's cells that occurs during the beginning of strenuous exercise is called?

Answer 45

oxygen deficit

Question 46

If muscle activity is strenuous and prolonged, muscle fatigue occurs because of what (3) things?

Answer 46

▪ Ionic imbalances occur ▪ Lactic acid accumulates in the muscle ▪ Energy (ATP) supply decreases

Question 47

What are (2) type of Muscle Contractions?

Answer 47

- Isotonic contractions - Isometric contractions

Question 48

When myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions, what kind of muscle contraction is this?

Answer 48

Isotonic contraction

Question 49

What type of contraction causes the muscle to shorten and movement will occur?

Answer 49

Isotonic contraction

Question 50

What type of contraction causes the muscle to unable to shorten or produce movement?

Answer 50

Isometric contraction

Question 51

The result of a staggered series of nerve impulses delivered to different cells within the muscle is referred to as?

Answer 51

Muscle tone

Question 52

If the nerve supply to the muscle is destroyed, what happens?

Answer 52

Muscle atrophy and/or paralysis