Week 12 - Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Aorta

Answer 1

largest artery in the body

Question 2

Angiogram

Answer 2

xray of blood/lymph vessels

Question 3

Aortic stenosis

Answer 3

narrowing of the valve in the large blood vessel branching off the heart (aorta)

Question 4

Angioplasty

Answer 4

surgical repair or unblocking of a blood vessel; esp. coronary artery

Question 5

Anoxia

Answer 5

absence of oxygen

Question 6

Artery

Answer 6

largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

Question 7

Arrhythmia

Answer 7

condition in which the heart beats with an irregular or abnormal rhythm

Question 8

Atheroma

Answer 8

collections of plaque that protrude into the lumen of an artery, weakening the muscle lining

Question 9

Atrioventricular node

Answer 9

AV node; specialized tissue in the wall between the atria

Question 10

Atrioventricular bundle

Answer 10

bundle of His; specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them

Question 11

Atrium

Answer 11

one of two upper chambers of the heart

Question 12

Bradycardia

Answer 12

slower than normal heartbeat; <60 bpm

Question 13

Capillary

Answer 13

smallest blood vessel

Question 14

Carbon dioxide

Answer 14

CO2; gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the hear and then to the lungs for exhalation

Question 15

Coronary heart disease

Answer 15

plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries causing artherosclerosis

Question 16

Cyanosis

Answer 16

bluish discoloration of the skin indicates diminished oxygen content of the blood

Question 17

Diastole

Answer 17

relaxation phase of the heartbeat

Question 18

Endocardium

Answer 18

inner lining of the heart

Question 19

Electrocardiogram

Answer 19

ECG; record of the electricity flowing through the heart; P, QRS, T

Question 20

Hypoxia

Answer 20

inadequate oxygen in tissues

Question 21

Mitral valve

Answer 21

valve between left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid valve

Question 22

Myocardium

Answer 22

muscular middle layer of the heart

Question 23

Normal sinus rhythm

Answer 23

heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 - 100 bpm

Question 24

Pericardium

Answer 24

double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

Question 25

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 25

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Question 26

Pulse

Answer 26

beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries

Question 27

Pulmonary vein

Answer 27

one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

Question 28

Pulmonary valve

Answer 28

valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

Question 29

Sinoatrial node

Answer 29

SA node; pacemaker of the heart

Question 30

Systole

Answer 30

contraction phase of the heart beat

Question 31

Tachycardia

Answer 31

faster than normal heart beat; >100 bpm

Question 32

Tricuspid valve

Answer 32

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three leaflets or cusps

Question 33

Vasoconstriction

Answer 33

constriction of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure

Question 34

Vasodilation

Answer 34

dilation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure

Question 35

Vena cava

Answer 35

largest vein in the body; superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart

Question 36

Ventricle

Answer 36

one of tow lower chamber of the heart

Question 37

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 37

congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects; pulmonary artery stenosis, ventricular septal defect, shift of the aorta to the right, hypertrophy of the right ventricle

Question 38

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 38

instrument to measure blood pressure

Question 39

Stethoscope

Answer 39

instrument for listening to the action of someones heart or breathing

Question 40

Thrombolysis

Answer 40

dissolution of blood clot

Question 41

Vascular

Answer 41

pertaining to vessel(s), esp those that carry blood

Question 42

Cardiomegaly

Answer 42

abnormal enlargement of the heart

Question 43

Arterial anastomosis

Answer 43

surgical connection of arteries

Question 44

Arteriole

Answer 44

small artery

Question 45

Atherectomy

Answer 45

sx for removing atherosclerosis from blood vessels within the body

Question 46

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 46

chronic disease of the heart muscle

Question 47

Hypercholesterolemia

Answer 47

excess of cholesterol in the bloodstream

Question 48

Endothelium

Answer 48

innermost lining of blood vessels

Question 49

Septum

Answer 49

partition or wall dividing a cavity

Question 50

Claudication

Answer 50

Pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but absence of pain at rest