Week 2- Chapter 8

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

Chemical released when a nerve impulse is transmitted

Question 2

All or none law

Answer 2

Law that states a muscle cell, when stimulated, contracts all the way or not at all

Question 3

Antagonist

Answer 3

A muscle whose action opposes that action of another muscle

Question 4

Actin

Answer 4

Thin protein in a sarcomere that binds with myosin to shorten, of a muscle fiber

Question 5

Action potential

Answer 5

The ability to respond to a stimuli with electrical impulses

Question 6

Belly

Answer 6

The central part of a muscle

Question 7

Biceps

Answer 7

Muscle on front part of upper arm

Question 8

Biomechanics

Answer 8

The study of structure, function, and motion

Question 9

Cardiac muscle

Answer 9

Involuntary muscle that makes up the walls of the heart

Question 10

Dilator muscles

Answer 10

A muscle that opens or closes an orifice

Question 11

Blepharospasm

Answer 11

Involuntary muscle contraction of the eyelid, causing blinking

Question 12

Contractility

Answer 12

The capacity of a muscle to shorten in response to a stimulus

Question 13

Dystonia

Answer 13

Characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause repetitive movements or abnormal posture

Question 14

Fibromyalgia

Answer 14

Chronic muscle pain

Question 15

Extensibility

Answer 15

The ability to lengthen (stretch) and hence increase the distance between two parts

Question 16

Excitability

Answer 16

Ability to respond to stimuli

Question 17

Elasticity

Answer 17

Capable of returning to original form after being compressed or stretched

Question 18

Force

Answer 18

The pull of the muscles on the joints to move a bone

Question 19

Heel spur

Answer 19

A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia, near its attachment to the calcaneus bone

Question 20

Innervated

Answer 20

Stimulated by nerves

Question 21

Intramuscular

Answer 21

Into the muscle

Question 22

Insertion

Answer 22

Part of a muscle that is attached to a movable part of the

Question 23

Hernia

Answer 23

Protrusion of part of an organ through abnormal opening

Question 24

Irritability

Answer 24

Ability to react to a stimulus, excitability

Question 25

Isometric

Answer 25

Muscle tension increases, but muscle does not shorten

Question 26

Motor unit

Answer 26

A motor nerve plus all the muscle fibers it stimulates

Question 27

Muscle fatigue

Answer 27

Caused by an accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle

Question 28

Isotonic

Answer 28

Muscle contracts and shortens

Question 29

Muscle spasm

Answer 29

Sustained muscle contraction

Question 30

Muscle tone

Answer 30

Muscles always in a state of partial contractions

Question 31

Muscle strain

Answer 31

Overstretching or tearing of the muscle

Question 32

Muscular dystrophy

Answer 32

Muscle disease in which the muscle cells deteriorate

Question 33

Myofibrils

Answer 33

Elongated contractile threads found in striated muscle cells

Question 34

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 34

Disease in which there is abnormal weakness and eventual paralysis of muscles

Question 35

Myalgia

Answer 35

Muscular pain

Question 36

Neuromuscular junction

Answer 36

Point between the motor nerve axon and the muscle cell membrane

Question 37

Myosin

Answer 37

Thick protein in a sarcomere that binds with actin to shorten, or contraction, of a muscle fiber

Question 38

Plantar fasciitis

Answer 38

Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot

Question 39

Physiotherapy

Answer 39

Treatment of disease and injury by physical means using light, heat, cold, water, electricity, massage, and exercise

Question 40

Origin

Answer 40

Part of the skeletal muscle that is attached to the fixed part of the bone

Question 41

Prime mover

Answer 41

Muscle that provides movement in a single direction

Question 42

Rehabilitation

Answer 42

The process of restoring function through therapeutic exercise

Question 43

Remission

Answer 43

A long-term disappearance of symptoms of a disease

Question 44

Sarcomere

Answer 44

A functional unit of striated muscle

Question 45

Sarcolemma

Answer 45

Muscle cell membrane

Question 46

Shin splints

Answer 46

Injury to the muscle and tendon in front of the shins

Question 47

Rotator cuff injury

Answer 47

An inflammation of a group of tendons that surrounds the shoulder joint

Question 48

Sarcoplasm

Answer 48

The hyaline or finely granular interfibrillar material of muscle tissue

Question 49

Skeletal muscles

Answer 49

Muscle attached to a bone or bones of the skeleton that aids in body movements, also known as voluntary or striated muscle

Question 50

Strain

Answer 50

Tear in a muscle

Question 51

Sprain

Answer 51

Wrenching of a joint that produces a stretching or laceration of ligaments

Question 52

Smooth muscle

Answer 52

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle

Question 53

Sphincter muscles

Answer 53

Circular muscle, such as the anus

Question 54

Strength

Answer 54

Capacity to do work

Question 55

Synergists

Answer 55

Muscles that help steady a joint

Question 56

Torque

Answer 56

The application of force on a lever to cause rotation on an axis

Question 57

Torticollis

Answer 57

A contracted state of the neck muscles that produces an unnatural position of the head, also called wryneck

Question 58

Tennis elbow

Answer 58

Inflammation of the tendon that connects the arm muscles to the elbow

Question 59

Tetanus

Answer 59

Infectious disease, usually fatal, characterized by spasm of voluntary muscles and convulsions caused by a toxin from tetanus bacillus

Question 60

Triceps

Answer 60

Three headed muscle on the back of the upper arm

Question 61

Vastus lateralis

Answer 61

Muscle found on anterior of thigh, used as an injection site for intramuscular injections