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DS2101 > Week 3 - Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Week 3 - Cranial Nerves Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

How many cranial nerves are there

A

12 pairs of nerves

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2
Q

what are cranial nerves

A

nerves which arise directly from the brain (not the spinal cord) which control sensory and motor functions in the head, neck and some internal organs. Each nerve has a specific function.

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3
Q

What is the name of CN 1

A

Olfactory

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4
Q

Is CN 1 sensory/motor/autonomic

A

sensory

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5
Q

what is the function of CN I

A

transmits olfactory signals (smell) from nasal cavity to the brain

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6
Q

What is the name of CN 2

A

Optic

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7
Q

Is CN II sensory/motor/autonomic

A

sensory

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8
Q

What is the function of CN II

A

transmits visual signals from the retina to the brain

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9
Q

What is the name of CN III

A

Oculomotor

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10
Q

Is CN III sensory/motor/autonomic

A

motor/autonomic

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11
Q

What is the function of CN III **

A
  • enables eye movement, constriction of the pupil and lens accommodation
  • supplies 4 of the extraocular muscles (medial rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, inferior oblique)
  • innervates levator palpebrae superioris muscle (LPS)

Parasympathetic
- contricts the pupil

  • proprioceptive fibres it carries information regarding the positioning and movement of the eyes (teese fibres join up with the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve)
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12
Q

What is the name of CN IV

A

Trochlear

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13
Q

Is CN IV sensory/motor/autonomic

A

motor

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14
Q

What is the function of CN IV

A

a pully
- motor nerve for extraocular muscles
- carries proprioceptive fibres that provide information regarding the movement and positioning of the eyes
- controls superior oblique (downward eye movement and slight inward rotation)

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15
Q

What is the name of CN V*

A

trigeminal

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16
Q

Is CN V sensory/motor/autonomic

A

motor

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17
Q

What is the function of CN V (trigeminal)*

A

Largest of the cranial nerves has 3 divisions
- all 3 division supply sensation to the facial skin.
- Innervates much of the face, the teeth and their supporting structures, most of the anterior portion of the oral cavity, and the mucous membranes of the head, providing cutaneous sensation for these structures

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18
Q

what are the 3 divisions of CN 5

A
  • Ophthalmic (V1)
  • Maxillary (V2)
  • Mandibular (V3)
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19
Q

What is the name of CN VI

A

Abducens

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20
Q

Is CN VI sensory/motor/autonomic

A

motor

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21
Q

What is the function of CN VI

A
  • innervates the lateral rectus muscles (extraocular muscles of the eye)
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22
Q

What is the name of CN VII*

A

Facial

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23
Q

Is CN VII sensory/motor/autonomic

A

sensory/autonomic

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24
Q

what is the function of CN VII*

A
  • muscle of facial expression
  • special sense taste - anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Parasympathetic
- stimulate saliva - submandibular and sublingual glands
- minor salivary glands
- nasal mucosa

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25
What is the name of CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
26
Is CN VIII sensory/motor/autonomic
sensory
27
What is the function of CN VIII
sense of hearing and balance (uses separate sets of fibres) comprised of: - the cochlear nerve (transmits sound) - Vestibular nerve (controls balance)
28
What is the name of CN IX*
Glossopharyngeal
29
Is CN IX sensory/motor/autonomic
sensory/autonomic
30
What is the function of CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)*
taste buds on the posterior 1/3 on tongue and those in the circumvallate papillae + general sensory, visceral sensory and special a sensory components ??? - associated with the third arch and special sense of taste + - posterior 1/3 special sense of taste - longitudinal muscle of the pharynx (stylopharyngeus muscle in pharynx) - related to swallowing and speaking parasympathetic - Innervation to the parotid glands General sensory innervation to the upper pharynx, the inner surface of the tympanic membrane and the posterior 1/3 of tongue
31
What is the name of CN X*
Vagus
32
Is CN X sensory/motor/autonomic
sensory/autonomic
33
What is the function of CN X*
serves head and neck + structures in the thorax (heart and lungs) and abdomen + controls muscles of the pharynx, larynx aiding in swallowing, speech ect ???? - swallowing - motor to anything around the pharynx and larynx - responsible for swallowing and speaking - longest nerve in the body - from the 4th brachial arch Parasympathetic - Digestion - Blood pressure - Heart rate - breathing
34
What is the name of CN XI
Accessory
35
Is CN XI sensory/motor/autonomic
motor
36
What is the function of CN XI
innervates muscles of the pharynx and larynx as well as neck muscles - comes from the spin - Neck muscles - Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles Head and shoulder movement
37
What is the name of CN XII
Hypoglossal
38
Is CN XII sensory/motor/autonomic
motor
39
What is the function of CN XII (hypoglossal)
general somatic efferent (motor) innervation and is the motor nerve of the tongue
40
Which nerves are somatic nerves (derived from somites)
CN III CN IV CN VI CN XII
41
Which nerves are Brachiomotor nerves (derived from brachial arches)
CN V CN VII CN IV CN X CN XI
42
How many extraocular muscles are there
6
43
What are the 4 straight extraocular muscles
- superior rectus - inferior rectus - medial rectus - lateral rectus
44
What are the 2 oblique extraocular muscles
Superior oblique Inferior oblique
45
What direction does the superior oblique move the eye
- depression - intorsion (rotates the top of the eye inward) - Abduction
46
What direction does the inferior oblique move the eye
- Elevation - Extorsion - rotates the top of the eye outward - Abduction
47
Where do the straight extraoral muscles insert
anterior to the midline
48
Where do the oblique extraocular muscles insert
posterior to the midline
49
What cranial nerve innervates the superior rectus
CN III
50
What cranial nerve innervates the inferior rectus
CN III
51
What cranial nerve innervates the medial rectus
CN III
52
What cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus
CN VI
53
What cranial nerve innervates the inferior oblique
CN III
54
What cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique
CN IV
55
What is a mnemonic to remember the cranial nerves
"On Old Olympus' Towering Tops, A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops" or "Ooh, Ooh, Ooh To Tough And Feel Very Good Velvet. Ahh Heaven" (where accessory is called sensory)
56
Which cranial nerves are derived from the first Pharyngeal arch
- CN V (trigeminal nerve)
57
Which cranial nerve is derived from the second pharyngeal arch
- CN VII (facial nerve)
58
Which cranial nerve is derived from arch 3
CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)
59
Which cranial nerve is derived from Pharyngeal arch 4
CN X (vagus)
60
Which cranial nerve is derived from Pharyngeal arch 6
CN X (vagus)
61
Which cranial nerves have sympathetic functions
- CN 3 - CN 10 - CN 9 - CN 7
62
Explain this (right eyelid closed)
levator palebrae superioris - ptosis
63
Explain this (right eye not able to move upwards, downwards or inwards + dilation of pupil)
unopposed action of lateral rectus and superior oblique disruption of parasympathetic fibres - CN III - right oculomotor (III) nerve palsy.
64
Explain this (left eye fails to abduct)
left abducens (VI) nerve palsy
65
What 2 types of receptors do ACh bind to
- Muscarinic (metabotropic) - Nicotinic (ionotropic)

DS2101 (59 decks)

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