Week 8 - Cariology - Prevention: Individual and Population caries control

Question 1

What is motivational interviewing (MI)

Answer 1

Facilitates the process of behaviour change in patients

• the patient’s views and beliefs are the starting point
• dentist facilitates behavioral change, tailoring the intervention to suit the patient’s needs and readiness to change
• motivation comes from within, the change is not imposed
• patient may resist change

Question 2

What are the key principles of motivational interviewing

Answer 2

• express empathy for patient’s behaviour change dilemma
• develop the discrepancy - between how they currently behave and how they would like to behave
• roll with resistance - avoid counter arguments
• support self efficacy - encouragement

Question 3

What is the 3 step process for giving advice

Answer 3

1. Elicit the person’s readiness to receive information
2. Provide the information in a neutral fashion
3. Elicit the person’s reaction to the information

Question 4

What are the steps in turning intentions into behaviour

Answer 4

1. Specify goals and make a plan
   2 reviewing progress and rectifying problems
2. Reward success

Question 5

How do you deal with failure

Answer 5

• consider if anything could have been done differently
• utilise other members of your dental team - different personability or perspectives
• behaviour change can be a slow process - continue to be encouraging

Question 6

What is epidemiology

Answer 6

the study of health and disease states in populations rather than individuals

Identifies
- frequency and severity of health issues
- associated factors

Describes magnitude and studies causes of a health issue

Helps develop appropriate interventions and assesses efficacy of these

Question 7

What is the Index measurement of dental caries

Answer 7

DMFT - decayed, missing and filled teeth
DMFS - decayed, misssing and filled surfaces

Question 8

What is DMFT

Answer 8

D - decayed teeth with untreated carious lesions
M - missing teeth which have been extracted
F - filled teeth

In a fully dentate adult, data can be derived from 32 teeth

Question 9

What is DMFS

Answer 9

decayed, missing and filled surfaces
Five surfaces on molars and premolars (MBODL) four surfaces on anterior and canines (MBDL)

Data can be derived from 148 surfaces in total

Question 10

what is dmft and dmfs

Answer 10

• indices used for primary teeth
• lower case letters used for primary teeth
• in the primary dentition data can be derived from 20 teeth and 88 surfaces

Question 11

How many surfaces are there in adult dentition

Answer 11

148 surfaces

Question 12

How many surfaces are there in primary dentition

Answer 12

88 surfaces

Question 13

are first and second molars more or less susceptible to caries than premolars

Answer 13

more

Question 14

what is the order of caries prone surfaces

Answer 14

pits and fissures > proximal surfaces > other surfaces

Question 15

can the caries level at one age in a cohort of children predict the caries level of that cohort at a later age

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

do male or females have more caries lesions, DMFT and missing and filled teeth

Answer 16

females

Question 17

do males or females have more untreated teeth

Answer 17

males

Question 18

what is the relevance of socioeconomic status to the universal patterns of caries

Answer 18

• the poor are more likely to experience bad health, diseases and dying young
• in higher income countries those with higher income and education have better oral health
• lower income countries (vietnam, kenya) the reverse is seen with DMFT increasing with increasing income

Question 19

what is the relevance of genes to the universal pattern of caries

Answer 19

• familial patterns of caries occurrence. genetic component to caries
• families share a common environment, dietary practices and oral hygiene behaviours

Question 20

what is the concentration of water fluoridation in QLD according to the QLD child oral health survey

Answer 20

0.6-1.1 mg/L