Week 3 - Infection Control, ergonomics and indirect vision

Question 1

what are 3 essential elements of the chain of infection

Answer 1

• source of infectious agent
• mode of transmission
• susceptible host

Question 2

what is the universal precautions/standard precautions for dentistry

Answer 2

all patients are to be treated as potentially infectious.

Since some conditions are clinically unidentifiable without further laboratory test

Question 3

what is hand hygiene protocol

Answer 3

aim: to reduce the number of microorganisms on hands
either
- using waterless antimicrobial agent
- use soap and water followed by patting dry with single use towel

Question 4

what is a high risk procedure

Answer 4

any surgical entry into tissue, body cavities or organs, or repair of traumatic injury
e.g. abdominal surgery, dental surgery (restoration)

Question 5

what is a medium risk procedure

Answer 5

contact with mucous membranes or non intact skin

e.g. respiratory procedure, internal/instrument examination (e.g. ultrasound, endoscopy), minor dental procedures

Question 6

what is a low risk procedure

Answer 6

contract with intact skin
e.g. blood pressure measurement, extra oral dental examination

Question 7

when do you need to wear eyewear

Answer 7

during procedures that generate splashes or sprays of blood and body substances intot he face and eyes

Question 8

what is a level 1 barrier mask used for

Answer 8

general purpose medical procedures, where the wearer is not a risk of blood or body fluid splash or to protect staff and/or the patient from droplet exposure to microorganisms

Question 9

What is a level 2 barrier mask used for

Answer 9

emergency departments, dentistry, changing dressings on small wounds or healing wounds where minimal blood droplet exposure may occur

bacterial filtration efficacy >- 98
resistance to penetration 120mmHg

Question 10

What is a level 3 barrier mask used for

Answer 10

all surgical procedures, major trauma first aid or in any area where the healthcare worker is at risk of bloody or body fluid splash

Question 11

how to reduce dental instrument splatter

Answer 11

• pre procedural antimicrobial mouthwashes
• HV evacuation during procedures which generate aerosols
• rubber dam where appropriate

Question 12

what is legionnaire’s disease

Answer 12

fatal pneumonia

Question 13

what is an N cycle

Answer 13

autoclave cycle
- - nothing hollow, nothing wrapped
- no drying cycle
- may use gravity/ displacement cycle for air removal
- not stored in a sterile state but kept hygienically
e.g. for prosthetic instruments

Question 14

what is a S cycle “specified”

Answer 14

• active air removal using an external steam generated
• repeated burts of steam intot he chamber to hasten air removal
• can handle wrapped items and handipieces

Question 15

What is a B cycle

Answer 15

• most advanced steam sterilizers
• completely removed air from the chamber

Question 16

how do autoclaves work

Answer 16

using combination of high heat and steam which destroys organisms protein and DNA/RNA)

Question 17

Temperature of autoclave steam is

Answer 17

134 degrees

Question 18

how long is steam produced in an autoclave for

Answer 18

3 min

Question 19

what temperature of hot air is in an autoclave

Answer 19

160 degrees

Question 20

how long is hot air turn on in an autoclave for

Answer 20

2 hours

Question 21

what is the angle of overhead lighting to minimize shadows

Answer 21

15 degrees