Week 3 - Dealing with success and failure Flashcards
(18 cards)
How much does failure weigh?
Emotionally -ve events have more impact than +ve ones
Emotionally -ve events are more common in sport than +ve ones
What is the attribution theory?
REFER to DIAGRAM on slide 8
a theory which supposes that people attempt to understand the behaviour of others by attributing feelings, beliefs, and intentions to them.
- the dimension of stability determine future expectations
- dimension locus of causality determines affect
List different attributions of success.
- I won because I am a good player
- I won because I tried hard
- I won because my opponent choked
- I won out of luck
List different attributions of failure.
- I failed because I am a bad player
- I failed because I didn’t try hard enough
- I failed because my opponent played well
- I failed out of bad luck
What might be the difference between optimistic and pessimistic athletes?
Optimists almost always put a positive spin on their past, present and future. While pessimists are constantly thinking of why things didn’t, aren’t, and won’t work out
What is the self-serving attributional bias?
- tendency to attribute reasons for success as internal and stable AND reasons for failure as external and unstable
- more common in athletes who score high on achievement motive
- the longer athletes are in sport and the higher their skill level, the less likely they are to attribute in a self-serving manner
What attributes do individual athletes make?
- more internally than team athletes
- feel solely responsible for performance and rarely believe that EXT factors influenced their behaviour
What attributes do team athletes make?
- look for attributions in relation to team instead of themselves being responsible for successes and failures
- make both self-serving and team-serving attributions
What is attribution training?
- become aware of individual attribution patterns
- learn to restructure their individal patterns
- pay attention to effort (controllable attribution which athletes can influence and regulate themselves)
Define self-forgiveness.
it is a process in which athletes…
- accept personal responsibility for their role in unsuccessful performance outcome
- restore self-regard by affirming the self
How is genuine self-forgiveness reached?
…through an eudaimonic process:
- an experience of what is good for oneself and others
- driven by psychological needs generated through challenging process of thinking about and working through one’s shortcomings
- process in which acceptance of responsibility for a wrongdoing is followed by restoration of +ve self-regard by constructive responses to wrongdoing
What correlates with self-forgiveness?
- improved emotion regulation
- increased life purpose
- better self-acceptance
- increased life satisfaction
- self-growth/development
- increased QoL
- increased restorative interpersonal behaviours
What are some interpersonal factors of self-forgiveness?
Social rejection as a threat of underperforming in sport contexts.
Social support & forgiveness by others = self-forgiveness
Social blame = self-blame
What is responsibility for failure?
Natural reactions to failure include defensive process that shield self-worth (e.g. justifications)
These processes prohibit opportunity to learn
Why should goals react with self-compassion?
- process of reflecting on self in non-judgemental, accepting manner, and reacting to self with kindness, benevolence, and love despite one’s shortcomings
What is the self-forgiveness Process and how do you reflect on the situation?
Acc, Adm, Aff, Self
- accepting responsibility for failure
- admit mistakes
- affirming sef-resources unrelated to failure
- self-worth independent of outcome
- reflect holistically - focus on entire game instead of one mistake
*reflect impartially (scrutinise one’s own mistakes)
What is the success journal?
- tool to reflect on +ve achievements, and progress/learnings
-helps athletes build confidence, motivation & self-awareness
-particularly effective in developing self-forgiveness & maintaining a +ve mindset
- should be honest, +ve, and personalised to athletes’ needs.
What is the potential impact of using a success journal?
MOTIVATION
- regularly ackn. achievements can boost motivation and commitment to training and improvement
SELF-CONFIDENCE
- documenting successes helps build self-confidence & +ve self-image
EMOTION REGULATION
- reflecting on +ve experiences can reduce stress & anxiety, fostering a more resilient mindset
SELF-AWARENESS
- athletes become more aware of their strengths, weaknesses, progress and lead to more informed decisions and strategies
SELF-FORGIVENESS
- focusing on successes and +ve learning - athletes develop a more compassionate and forgiving attitude toward themselves
