WEEK 4: Short-Term Memory

Question 1

IDENTIFICATION:

The process involved in retaining, retrieving, and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas and skills after the original information is no longer present.

Answer 1

Memory

Question 2

IDENTIFICATION: 3 Types of Memory

An initial stage that hold all incoming for seconds or fractions of a second.

Answer 2

Sensory Memory (SM)

Question 3

IDENTIFICATION: 3 Types of Memory

Holds five to seven items for about 15 to 20 seconds.

Answer 3

Short Term Memory (STM)

Question 4

IDENTIFICATION: 3 Types of Memory

It can hold a large amount of information for years or even decades.

Answer 4

Long Term Memory (LTM)

Question 5

IDENTIFICATION: Sensory Memory

Brief sensory memory for visual stimuli (duration is less than one second)

Answer 5

Iconic Memory

Question 6

IDENTIFICATION: Sensory Memory

Brief Sensory Memory for auditory stimuli (duration is about 2-4 seconds)

Answer 6

Echoic Memory

Question 7

IDENTIFICATION: Sensory Memory

Brief Sensory Memory for touch stimuli (duration is about 2 seconds)

Answer 7

Haptic Memory

Question 8

IDENTIFICATION:

The continued perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer present (last for only a fraction of a second)

Answer 8

Persistence of Vision

Question 9

IDENTIFICATION:

Responsible for everything we think about or know at a particular moment in time.

Answer 9

Short Term Memory

Question 10

IDENTIFICATION: Short Term Memory

Interference that occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information

Answer 10

Proactive Interference

Question 11

IDENTIFICATION: Short Term Memory

Occurs when new learning interferes with remembering old learning.

Answer 11

Retroactive Interference

Question 12

IDENTIFICATION:

Number of digits a person can remember

Answer 12

Digit Span

Question 13

IDENTIFICATION:

Enables the limited-capacity STM system to deal
with the large amount of information involved in
many of the tasks we perform everyday.

Answer 13

Chunking

Question 14

IDENTIFICATION:

Uses procedures with visual items that cannot be verbalized.

Answer 14

Change Detection

Question 15

IDENTIFICATION:

Limited-capacity system for temporary storage and manipulation of information for complex tasks such as comprehension, learning and reasoning.

Answer 15

Working Memory

Question 16

IDENTIFICATION:

System specialized for the treatment of verbal material
and language

Answer 16

Phonological Loop

Question 17

IDENTIFICATION: Phonological Loop

Refers to the confusion of letters or words that sound similar.

Answer 17

Phonological Similarity Effect

Question 18

IDENTIFICATION: Phonological Loop

Refers to the observation that our memory for lists of words is better for short words than for long words.

Answer 18

Word Length Effect

Question 19

IDENTIFICATION: Phonological Loop

The repetition of an irrelevant sound reduces memory because speaking interferes with rehearsal.

Answer 19

Articulatory Suppression

Question 20

IDENTIFICATION:

Handles visual and spatial information and is therefore involved it the process of visual imagery – the creation of visual images in the mind in the absence of a physical visual stimulus.

Answer 20

Visuospatial Sketch Pad

Question 21

IDENTIFICATION:

The component that makes working
memory work.

Answer 21

Central Executive

Question 21

IDENTIFICATION:

stores information providing extra capacity and is connected to LTM thereby making interchange between working memory and LTM possible.

Answer 21

Episodic Buffer

Question 22

IDENTIFICATION:

Uses procedures with visual items that cannot be verbalized.

Answer 22

Change Detection

Question 22

IDENTIFICATION:

Participants are required to perform a series of simple arithmetic operations and indicate whether the given answer is correct.

Answer 22

Operation Span

Question 22

**IDENTIFICATION:** He is known for his research on memory and for developing the **three-component model of working memory.**

Answer 22

Alan David Baddeley

Question 23

**IDENTIFICATION:** has a limited capacity and holds information for only a few seconds.

Answer 23

Phonological Store

Question 24

# 1. **IDENTIFICATION:** Responsible for rehearsal that can keep items in the phonological store from decaying.

Answer 24

Articulatory Rehearsal Process

Question 25

**IDENTIFICATION:** What is the **important characteristic** of working memory tasks?

Answer 25

Involves delay or waiting

Question 26

**TRUE OR FALSE:** **Hypothalamus** is important for holding information for brief period of time.

Answer 26

**FALSE;** prefrontal cortex

Question 27

**TRUE OR FALSE:** **One way to help decrease worrying:** to write about your worries before taking a test.

Answer 27

TRUE

Question 28

**TRUE OR FALSE:** Short Term Memory lasts to **50-60 seconds**

Answer 28

**FALSE;** it lasts 15 to 20 seconds or less

Question 29

**IDENTIFICATION:** Memory vanish because of (____???)

Answer 29

DECAY

Question 30

**TRUE OR FALSE:** **Working Memory** is responsible for everything we think about or know at a particular moment in time.

Answer 30

**FALSE;** it is Short-Term Memory

Question 31

**TRUE OR FALSE:** The upper limit for STM Capacity is about **10-15 items**

Answer 31

**FALSE;** is about 3-4 items

Question 31

**TRUE OR FALSE:** You are using your **visuospatial sketch pad** when you form a picture in your mind or do tasks like solving a puzzle or finding your way around the campus.

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

**TRUE OR FALSE:** STM is concerned mainly with strong information for a brief period of time

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

**TRUE OR FALSE:** Working Memory is concerned with the **manipulation of information** that occurs during complex cognition.

Answer 33

TRUE