week 6-9 review

Question 1

Cause of low CO2

Answer 1

hyperventilation

Question 2

Vital capacity

Answer 2

amount person can exhale

Question 3

What type of joint is between maxilla and teeth?

Answer 3

Gomphosis

Gomphosis is a type of fibrous joint that anchors the teeth into the jawbone.

Question 4

What allows for nutrients to reach inside the bone?

Answer 4

Volkman’s channels

Volkman’s channels, also known as perforating canals, are small channels in the bone that allow blood vessels and nerves to travel.

Question 5

Over time the epiphysis and __________ merge.

Answer 5

Epiphyseal line

The epiphyseal line is the remnant of the growth plate and indicates that growth has ceased.

Question 6

What encases the fascicles in muscle fibers?

Answer 6

Perimysium

Perimysium is a connective tissue sheath that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers, providing support and protection.

Question 7

Forced vital capacity

Answer 7

maximum person can exhale under forced conditions

Question 8

Tidal volume

Answer 8

normal volume of breath in and out

Question 9

amount of air remaining in lungs after maximal expiration; amount of air that cannot be exhaled

Answer 9

residual volume

Question 10

maximum amount of air lungs can hold after full, deep inhalation; includes residual volume

Answer 10

total lung capacity

Question 11

irritants in what part of the airway causes coughing

Answer 11

irritants in trachea and airway

Question 12

What is it called when there is adequate ventilation but poor alveolar perfusion

Answer 12

dead space ventilation

Question 13

upper respiratory mucosa

Answer 13

warm, filter, humidify, immune defense, sensory functions

Question 14

what kind of joint is the pubic symphysis (very limited movement)

Answer 14

amphiarthrotic (amphiarthrosis)
- pubic symphysis
- intervertebral discs

Question 15

what kind of joint is immovable

Answer 15

synthrosis
- skull
- gomphosis: teeth in sockets

Question 16

freely moveable joints

Answer 16

diarthrosis

Question 17

blood clot breaks free and travels through the bloodstream

Answer 17

embolus

Question 18

blood clot that forms in blood vessel and remains there

Answer 18

thrombus

Question 19

tetralogy of fallot

Answer 19

• ventricular septal defect
• pulmonary stenosis
• overriding aorta
• right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 20

functions of pericardial sac (2)

Answer 20

• Shields heart from trauma, infections and inflammation
• Anchors heart in position, preventing excessive damage

Question 21

elevated SBP with normal DBP

Answer 21

isolated systolic hypertension

Question 22

frank-starling law

Answer 22

• the relationship between the force of heart contraction and the initial length of the myocardial fibers
• an increase in end-diastolic volume leads to stronger contraction and increased stroke volume

Question 23

how much blood flow do the kidneys receive per minute

Answer 23

1000-1200 mL

Question 24

what is cryptorchidism

Answer 24

one or both of the testes fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum

Question 25

what composes struvite stones

Answer 25

magnesium, ammonium, phosphate

Question 26

kidney stone could cause what type of UTI, upper or lower

Answer 26

upper UTI