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Week Six: Small Mammals (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between male and female chinchillas?

A

Females have no labial folds

Males testicles do not descent into the scrotum, prepuce extends to directly under the anus

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2
Q

Gestation period of chinchillas

How many offspring are usually born?

A

138 days

1-3 born

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3
Q

Husbandry requirements for chinchillas

A

Heat and humidity, chew-proof, hiding places, mutli level homes, dust baths

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4
Q

Nutritional requirements for chinchillas

A

Hay supplemented with pellets, water bowls can be a hazard

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5
Q

Slobbers in chinchillas

A

Refers to clinical signs seen when malocclusion is present

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6
Q

Choke in chinchillas

A

Cannot vomit, object too large to swallow

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7
Q

Hairballs in chinchillas

A

Dietary fiber can help prevent hairballs

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8
Q

Heat stroke in chinchillas

A

> 80 degrees, high humidity

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9
Q

Behavior of chinchillas

A

Nocturnal, curious, rarely bite, athletic (even when old)

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10
Q

Restraining a chinchillas

A

Never scruff
Hold back end with one hand and the chest and forelimbs with the other
Fur slip

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11
Q

What is fur slip?

A

fur slip is done to “escape” the situation your chinchilla is in. Much like a gecko will drop their tail if caught be a predator (or accidentally picked up by the owner by the tail), chinchillas will release tufts of hair to get away from whatever is trying to capture them.

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12
Q

Venipuncture in chinchillas

A

Anesthesia preferred, jugular vein is primary

but can use cephalic, saphenous, femoral, lateral abdominal, tail vein

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13
Q

Behavior of guinea pigs

A

Docile and rarely bite, social and can share housing with other guinea pigs, vocalize, neophobic

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14
Q

What kind of teeth do guinea pigs have? Explain.

A

Open-rooted incisors, premolars, and molars

teeth grow throughout the life of the animal

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15
Q

Reproduction in guinea pigs

A

Females have pubic symphysis
Bred within six months of age
Copulatory plug may be found in cage
No nest building- precocious young (fully developed, born with hair, and the eyes open)

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16
Q

Husbandry for guinea pigs

A

Can be messy (no dedicated potty area, tip bowls)

Cages d not need lids to protect from escape, room temp should be around 70 F

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17
Q

Nutrition for guinea pigs

A

Herbivores: pellets, grass hay, fresh vegetables, limited fruits, cannot synthesize vitamin C

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18
Q

Scurvy in guinea pigs

A

Musculoskeletal disease caused by vitamin C deficiency
Clinical sings: lethargy, anorexia, arthralgia, uncharacteristic biting, diarrhea, weight-loss
Treatment: Supplementation and supportive care

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19
Q

Respiratory disease in guinea pigs

A

Caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica or Streptococccus pneumonia
Can contract from any carrier

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20
Q

Lumps in guinea pigs

A

Cervical lymphadenitis, inflamed/abscessed lymph nodes caused by Streptobacillus or Streptococcus
Isolation is necessary until healed

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21
Q

Zoonosis concerns with guinea pigs

A

Salmonellosis, sarcoptic mange, ringworm, lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM)

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22
Q

Restraint methods for guinea pigs

A

Method one: One hand supports the thorax and the other supports hind limbs
Method two: Similar but the Guinea pig is held in a cradled fashion

Restraint for jugular venipuncture similar to cats

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23
Q

Parasite concerns in guinea pigs

A 
Cryptosporidium wrairi (intestinal protozoan characterized by weight loss, diarrhea, and death)
Fleas, mites, and lice (trixacarus caviae- zoonotic)
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24
Q

Sex determination in guinea pigs

A

Females: genital area has a Y shape
Males: Straight slit

25
Sex determination in HedgeHogs
Testes are intra-abdominal
26
BeHaVior in HedgeHogs
Solitary, defensive/aggressive signs include rolling into a ball, Vibrating spines, Hissing and spitting
27
Nutrition in HedgeHogs
Insectivorous (CriCkets, mealworms, grassHoppers, snails, slugs, pinkie miCe, non-toxic frogs)
28
Lameness in HedgeHogs
Causes include oVergrown toenails, fracture/trauma, neoplasia, secondary to wobbling HedgeHog syndrome
29
DiarrHea in HedgeHogs
Stress, parasites, bacterial infection, salmonellosis
30
Fungal infection in HedgeHogs
Usually triCopHyton or MiCroporum, Crusting around base of spines
31
Neoplasia in HedgeHogs
Squamous Cell CarCinomas, Cutaneous mast Cell tumors, mammary gland tumors, Cutaneous HemangiosarComa
32
______ is often required for examination or Venipuncture in HedgeHogs
Anestesia
33
WHat family do skunks belong to
Mustelidae
34
WHat is tHe skunk usually kept as a pet
Mephitis metpHitis
35
WHen are skunks usually desCented?
2-4 weeks of age
36
Lifespan and WeigHt of skunks
10-12 years | 4.5 kg
37
Husbandry of skunks
Solitary, like to dig, Can be litter and Harness trained
38
Nutrition in skunks
Omniores; inseCts, rodents, small Vertebrates, fruits, green Vegetables, grain
39
Obesity in skunks
Most Common CliniCal issue, Corrected witH diet, Husbandry, and Client education Can lead to Cardiomyopaty and dermatitis
40
Amyloidosis in skunks
Buildup of insoluble proteins (amyloids) in multiple organ systems Compromised organs do not function fully/CorreCtly
41
Canine distemper in skunks
Signs include fever, Hyperemia of face and ear, sCleral inflammation, oCular discharge, depression, anorexia, diarrhea, dyspnea, neurologic signs Treatment: prevent witH VaCCines, supportive Care if ContraCted, prognosis is poor
42
Feline panleukopenia in skunks
CliniCal signs include Hemorrhagic enteritis, snorexia, depression, low WBC Count, death within 5 days Treatment: supportive Care, prevent witH VaCCines
43
Zoonotic diseases of skunks
``` Baylisascris columnaris (roundworm, Causes serious VisCeral larVa migrans in Humans, fecal-oral, prevention tHrougH Hygiene) Rabies (public HealtH offiCials won't aCCept VaCCinated reCords if a skunk bites someone) ```
44
Restraint in skunks
Similar to Cats but no sCruffing
45
WeigHt and lifespan of sugar gliders
95-160 g | 9-12 years
46
Husbandry of sugar gliders
Need a lot of room, nest/Hide box, branCHes, always keep min. of 2
47
Nutrition of sugar gliders
CommerCial food, nectar, 15-20% of body weight in food
48
Nutritional osteodystropHy in sugar gliders
Diet is too low in Calcium and Vitamin D3, Causes aCute Hind limb paresis and paralysis, treated witH rest and dietary CorreCtion
49
Stress-related diseases in sugar gliders
Alopecia, self-mutilation, CopropHagia, HyperpHagia, polyuria, pacing, Cannibalism
50
Neoplasia in sugar gliders
Lymphoid neoplasia is most Common
51
Restraint in sugar gliders
Hold Head between tHumb and middle finger and use index finger to restrain te top of Head, body rests in palm of Hand
52
Venipuncture in sugar gliders
1% body weight Can be drawn, jugular, Cranial Vena CaVa
53
WeigHt and lifespan of prairie dogs
0.5-2.2 kg | 6-10 years
54
Nutrition of prairie dogs
Primarily HerbiVores; HigH- quality grass Hay, CommerCial diet
55
Obesity in prairie dogs Can lead to
Heart disease, respiratory disease, liVer disease
56
Nasal dermatitis in prairie dogs
Rubbing face on Cage wire, secondary bacterial infeCtions, CorreCt Husbandry ConCerns
57
Zoonotic diseases wit prairie dogs
``` Yersinia and baylisasCaris (Causes aCute mesenteric lymphadenitis, fever, anorexia, Vomiting, enteritis, diarrhea, dehydration in Humans) Yersinia pestis (Causes sylvatic plague in Humans) MONKEY POX! (Causes systemic disease; fever, rashes, death. Bites or ContaCt wit fluids or lesions, outbreak in June 2003 in WisConsin, Ilionois, Indiana, Kansas, Ohio, and Missouri) ```
58
Restraint of prairie dogs
MetHod 1: One Hand around CHest and one supporting Hind limbs MetHod 2: lift by base of tail and place forelimbs on table MetHod 3: Burrito time!

Exotics (9 decks)

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