WK3 L1 Motivation and emotion Flashcards
Attributions
process of inferring the causes of mental states and behaviours of yourself and others
External attributions
behaviour is due to the situation
Internal attributions
behaviour reflects the person
Errors of attribution
Fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
tendency of observers to underestimate the impact of external factors and to overestimate the impact of internal factors when we observe others behaviours
Self-serving bia
Tendency to attribute our success to internal factors and failures to external
Cognitive biases
heuristics
motivational biases
schema are influenced by wants, needs and goals
Interactions of cognition and behaviour
confirmation bias
Goals
desired outcomes established through social learning
Motivation
the driving force behind behaviour that enables us to pursue some things and avoid others
Intrinsic motivation
from the benefits associated with the process of pursuing the goal
Extrinsic motivation
comes from benefits of achieving the goal- external reward
Self-regulation
the process through which individuals alter their perceptions, feelings and actions in the pursuit of a goal
Two basic stages of self-regulation
Decide which goals to pursue at a given time, planning specific actions related to the goal
Self-control
The capacity to control impulses, emotions, desires and actions in order veto resist a temptation and protect a valued goal
Two basic drives
sex and aggression
Unconscious motivation
a person can be unaware of their own motives of their behaviour
Primary drives
innate
Secondary drives
learned
Expectancy value theory
Motivations is a function of the value people place on an outcome and the extent to which they think they can achieve it
Maslows hierarchy of need
Physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem and self-actualisation
Psychosocial motives
Personal and interpersonal motives
Achievement motivation
refers to the need to do well, succeed and to avoid failure
Performance goals
motives to achieve a particular outcome
Performance approach goals
motivated to attain a goal
Performance avoidance goals
motivated by fear of not attaining a goal
Eating
a behaviour in which we consume food to supply energy, minerals and vitamins
Two phases of metabolism
Absorptive phase and fasting phase
Absorptive phase
food is ingested, energy is extracted and stored as either glycogen or fat
Fasting phase
Glycogen is converted to glucose for use of by the body
Homoeostasis
tendency of the body to maintain constancy of the internal environment
Set points
biologically optimal level the body tries to maintain
Feedback mechanisms
e.g receptors to monitor level of sugar in blood
Corrective mechanisms
these restore system back to set point when needed
why we eat?
Physiological hunger, palatability, food variety, time of day and presence of others
