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Part 2 boards > Xray Physics 2 > Flashcards

Xray Physics 2 Flashcards

1
Q

processing

A

solution temeratures affect the film
too hot= increase density
too cold= decrease density

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2
Q

processing factors

A

developer
rinse
fixer
washing

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3
Q

developer

A

brings out latent image by devleoping the exposed silver halide crystals

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4
Q

rinse

A

removed the exposed silver halide crystals

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5
Q

fixer

A

hardens the image

makes it permanent on the film

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6
Q

washing

A

removes developer and fixer

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7
Q

films always come out too dark?

A

light leak
developer temperature too hot
overexposure

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8
Q

films always too light?

A

developer temperature too low, chemicals need replacing

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9
Q

films brown?

A

inadequate developer
depleted fixer
inadequate wash water

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10
Q

milky films?

A

inadequate fixer

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11
Q

greasy films?

A

insufficient washing

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12
Q

increased fog?

A

old film
hot developer
contaminated chemicals

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13
Q

soft emulsion

A

insufficient fixing

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14
Q

static electricity does what to a film?

A

causes black and branching lightning like lines on film

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15
Q

rectifier

A

changes AC to DC

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16
Q

transformer

A

steps up or steps down the power

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17
Q

transducer

A

one form of energy to another

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18
Q

attenuation:

A

beam of radiation loses energy as it passes through matter

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19
Q

green or blue tint is added to?

A

base of xray film to reduce glare

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20
Q

lateral skull

A

sella turcica
10x12
40”
no tube tilt

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21
Q

PA caldwell projection

A

frontal sinsu
10x12
40”
15 degrees caudal

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22
Q

AP towne’s

A

foramen magnum
10x12
40”
35 degrees caudal

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23
Q

water’s

A

maxillary sinus
8x10
40”
no tube tilt

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24
Q

neutral lateral cervical

A

8x10/10x12
40”
no tube tilt

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25
AP lower cervical
8x10 40" 15 cephalic
26
APOM
dens and atlas 8x10 40" no tube tilt
27
cervical obliques
CLAP 8x10 72" 15 anterior caudal, posterior cephalic
28
posterior oblique
facing tube
29
anterior obliqeu
facing bucky
30
flexion
ADI space, transverse ligament stability 10x12 72" no tube tilt
31
extension
ADI space, transverse ligament stability 10x12 72" no tube tilt
32
cervical pillar
``` articular processes and apophyseal joints 8x10 40" 35 cephalic PA patient position ```
33
AP thoracic
7x17 | 40"
34
lateral htoracic
14x17 40" no tube tilt filter lower half of thoracic spine
35
swimmer's view
``` cervico-thoracic junction 8x10 40" 5 caudal patient's arm closest to bucky is raised straight above ```
36
PA chest
14x17 72" deep breath and hold
37
lateral chest
14x17 72" deep breath and hold
38
apical lordotic
``` lung apices 14x17 40" 15 cephalic or have patient lean back deep breath in an hold ```
39
AP lumbar
``` 14x17 40" no tube tilt central ray 1" below top of iliac crests breathe in, let it all out ```
40
lateral lumbar
``` IVFS 1417 40" no tube tilt central ray: top of iliac crest at mid-axillary line breathe in, let it all out ```
41
L5/S1 spot shot
``` AKA sacral base tilt AKA ferguson's projections 8x10 40" tube tilt 25 cephalic central ray at level of ASIS don't breathe don't move patient supine ```
42
lumbar spine obliques
motive is pars 10x12 40" no tube tilt
43
lateral L5/S1 spot shot
8x10 40" no tube tilt central ray: 2" inferior to iliac crest and 1" posteiror to mid-axillary line
44
AP sacrum
8x`10 40" 15 cephalic central ray 2" superior to pubic symphysis
45
lateral sacrum
``` 8x10 40" no tube tilt central ray at the level of ASIS 3" posterior to midaxillary line ```
46
AP coccyx
8x10 40" 10 caudal central ray 2" superior to pubic symphysis
47
lateral coccyx
8x10 40" no tube tilt
48
AP angulated SI joints
10x12 40" 30 cephalic central ray midline 1" below ASIS
49
AC joints with and without weights
AC joint (bilaterally) 8x10 40" 5 cephalic
50
AP shoulder with external rotation
greater tuberosity 10x12 40"
51
AP internal rotation
lesser tuberosity 10x12 40"
52
axial clavicle
10x12 40" 15 caudal (PA) 15 cephalic (AP)
53
AP elbow
10x12 40" no tube tilt
54
medial (internal oblique elbow)
40" no tube tilt seated at end of talbe with shoulder, elbow and wrist gainst table and hand supinated
55
lateral elbow
40: | no tube tilt
56
PA wrist
40" | no tube tilt
57
medial oblique wrist
40" | no tube tilt
58
lateral wrist
40" | no tube tilt
59
PA ulnar flexion
40" | 20 cephalic
60
PA hand
40" | no tube tilt
61
medial oblique hand
40" | no tube tilt
62
lateral hand
40" | no tube tilt
63
AP pelvis
``` 14x17 40" no tube tilt feet turned in 15 degrees place top of film 2" above iliac crests ```
64
frog leg lateral hip
10x12 40" no tube tilt "figure 4 position"
65
AP knee
``` 8x10 40" 5 cephalic central ray 1/2" inferior to aptellar apex foot turned inward 5 degrees ```
66
lateral kne
8x10 40" 5 cephlic
67
tunne projection
``` AKA homblad AKA intercondylar fossa 8x19 40" 45 caudal ```
68
tangential (sunrise) patella
patella and patellofemoral joint no tube tilt prone with knee of interest flexed maximally
69
AP ankle
distal tibia and fibula, ankle joint and talus no tube tilt dorsiflexion foot turned in 5 degrees
70
medial oblique ankle
no tube tilt supine or sitting on the table, leg extended dorsiflexion foot turned in 20-30 degrees
71
lateral ankle
no tube tilt lateral recumbent position with lateral aspet of ankel of interest losest to table and ankle in dorsiflexion while opposite leg is out of the way
72
AP dorsophalangeal foot
tarsals distal to talus, metatarsals and phalnges 10 cephalic sitting on talb eiwth plantar surface of foot flat on cassettee
73
medial oblique foot
no tube tilt | foot obliqued medially 30 degrees
74
lateral foot
no tube tilt | ankle dorsiflexed with opposite leg out of the way

Part 2 boards (19 decks)

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