02. SKULL (HARC) Flashcards by Ibby Khan

FOREHEAD part of SKULL

FRONTAL

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CHEEK BONE name in skull

ZYGOMATIC

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UPPER JAW/TEETH (superior):

MAXILLA

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LOWER JAW/TEETH (inferior:)

MANDIBLE

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LOWER JAW/TEETH (inferior:)

MANDIBLE
(moveable)

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SKULL BONES in the ORBIT (EYE SOCKET) (3)

SPHENOID (posterior, large)
LACRIMAL (small)
ETHMOID (roof of nose, goes through to other side, found in nasal septum)

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‘at the side’ SKULL BONE (top)

PARIETAL

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BASE SKULL BONE (bottom)

OCCIPITAL

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LATERAL and INFERIOR SKULL BONE (‘time bone’)

TEMPORAL

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what is the purpose of the SUTURES in the skull

PREVENT MOVEMENT

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3 SUTURES in the skull

CORONAL SUTURE
SAGITTAL SUTURE
LAMBDOID SUTURE

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where is the CORONAL SUTURE

between the FRONTAL and 2 PARIETAL

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where is the SAGITTAL SUTURE

between the 2 PARIETAL

‘straight’

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where is the LAMBDOID SUTURE

between the PARIETAL and OCCIPITAL

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what is the name of the area in the SKULL where the CORONAL SUTURE and SAGITTAL SUTURE MEET

BREGMA

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what is the name of the area in the SKULL where the SAGITTAL SUTURE and the LAMBDOID SUTURE MEET

LAMBDA

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what can you often find in the skull

SUTURAL BONE (WORMION)

varied
different numbers and sizes in different people

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what are the names of the 2 SKULL BONES in the NASAL SEPTUM
superior:
inferior:

superior: ETHMOID BONE

inferior: VOMER BONE

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the ROOF of the MOUTH is majority MAXILLARY BONE. but POSTERIORLY it has which bone

PALATINE BONE

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what is the names of the areas which house different parts of the BRAIN

CRANIAL FOSSAE

ANTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA (frontal lobe)
MIDDLE CRANIAL FOSSA (temporal lobe)
POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA (cerebellum)

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from a view from underneath and transverse, what would you be able to see in the skull

FORAMEN (holes)

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name the FORAMEN in the SKULL and what go through them

FORAMEN MAGNUM (major)
- Spinal Cord (up through and becomes brain stem)
- Vertebral Arteries

JUGULAR FORAMEN
- Internal Jugular Vein
- Cranial Nerves 9,10,11

CAROTID CANAL
- Internal Carotid Artery

FORAMEN OVALE
- Mandibular Nerve (branch of trigeminal)

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what goes through the FORAMEN MAGNUM of the SKULL (2)

SPINAL CORD
VERTEBRAL ARTERIES

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what goes through the JUGULAR FORAMEN of the SKULL (2)

INTERANAL JUGULAR VEIN

CRANIAL NERVES 9,10,11

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what goes through the CAROTID CANAL of the SKULL

INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

what goes through the FORAMEN OVALE of the SKULL

MANDIBULAR NERVE (branches from trigeminal nerve)

MUSCLES of FACIAL EXPRESSION - where are they - what do they do - supplied by which cranial nerve

UNIQUE to the human body -lie UNDERNEATH the SKIN of the face and INSERT DIRECTLY INTO SKIN - Responsible for MOVING the SKIN to provide facial expression, - also act as SPHINCTERS AROUND the EYES and MOUTH- OPEN /CLOSE the EYES and MOUTH - Supplied by cranial nerve VII (7) – The FACIAL NERVE

MUSCLES of MASTICATION role? supplied by which cranial nerve?

NORMAL SKELETAL MUSCLE - MOVING the MANDIBULAR at the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT (chewing) - Supplied by cranial nerve V (5) – the TRIGEMINAL NERVE

MUSCLES of FACIAL EXPRESSION (sheets) muscle in SCALP/from frontal bone to occipital bone?

OCCIPTOFRONATLIS - FRONTAL BELLY of OCCIPITOFRONTALIS - OCCIPITAL BELLY of OCCIPITOFRONTALIS

MUSCLES of FACIAL EXPRESSION (sheets) surrounding the EYE and helps CLOSE eye

ORBICULARIS OCULI

MUSCLES of FACIAL EXPRESSION (sheets) around MOUTH

ORBICULARIS ORIS

MUSCLES of FACIAL EXPRESSION (sheets) in NECK

PLATYSMA

the FACIAL NERVE is CRANIAL NERVE number...

the FACIAL NERVE enters which FORAMEN, travels and come out of which other FORMAEN

enters INTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS comes out from STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN (small)

the STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN (facial nerve comes out from) is in between and gets its name from.. (2)

MASTOID PROCESS (bump on skull behind ear) STYLOID PROCESS (spiky)

the FACIAL NERVE splits into how many BRANCES

what GLAND the FACIAL NERVE TRAVEL THROUGH (whilst branching) on its way to innervating muscles for facial expression

PAROTID GLAND (salivary)

name the 5 BRANCHES that the FACIAL NERVE SPLITS into (order from top to bottom)

- TEMPORAL BRANCH - ZYGOMATIC BRANCH - BUCCAL BRANCH - MARGINAL MANDIBULAR BRANCH - CERVICAL BRANCH

what are the 4 MUSCLES of MASTICATION (big, powerful muscles that help you chew)

- MASSETER - TEMPORALIS (side of skull) - LATERAL PTERYGOID - MEDIAL PTERYGOID

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION what is MASSETER for

ELEVATION (keep up against gravity) & PROTRUSION of mandible

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION what is the TEMPORALIS for

ELEVATION & RETRACTION of mandible

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION what are the MEDIAL and LATERAL PTERYGOIDS for

ELEVATION & PROTRUSION

the MANDIBULAR NERVE is a BRANCH of which CRANIAL NERVE

TRIGEMINAL NERVE

how many BRANCHES are there of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE and what are they

3 V1- OPTHALAMIC NERVE V2- MAXILLARY NERVE V3- MANDIBULAR NERVE

2 FUNCTIONS of TRIGEMINAL NERVE

- SENSORY to the FACE (trigeminal nerve is sensory to the face and scalp as far back as the vertex) - MOTOR to the MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

the TRIGEMINAL NERVE COMES OUT of which FORMANE (as MANDIBULAR NERVE) to innervate the muscles of mastication

FORAMEN OVALE

each PHARYNGEAL ARCH (in embryology) has its own: (4)

- CARTILAGE skeleton - MUSCULAR component - SENSORY NERVE supply - MOTOR NERVE supple

key rule: when a MUSCLE MOVES/MIGRATES it brings..

BRINGS its OWN NERVE SUPPLY WITH IT

which PHARYNGEAL ARCH are MUSCLES of MASTICATION derived from? and are therefore INNERVATED by which cranial nerve?

1ST PHARYNGEAL ARCH innervated by TRIGEMINAL NERVE (5)

which PHARYNGEAL ARCH are MUSCLES of FACIAL EXPRESSION derived from? and are therefore INNERVATED by which cranial nerve?

2ND PHARYNGEAL ARCH innervated by FACIAL NERVE (7)

the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT is which type of joint

SYNOVIAL JOINT

what does a SYNOVIAL JOINT consist of

JOINT CAPSULE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE - secretes FLUID JOINT CAVITY ARTICULAR CARTILAGE (hyaline) LIGAMENT

what is the name of the area in the TEMPORAL BONE that ARTICULATES (forms a joint with) the ZYGOMATIC BONE

ZYGOMATIC PROCESS OF THE TEMPORAL BONE

what does the HEAD of the MANDIBLE SLOT INTO (HELD IN)

MANDIBULAR FOSSA of the ZYGOMATIC PROCESS (of the temporal bone)

what is the name of the 3 LIGAMENTS that help SECURE/STABILISE the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT

- LATERAL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT - SPHENOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT - STYLOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT

what is the role of the LATERAL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR LIGAMEN of the temporomandibular joint

PREVENTS POSTERIOR DISLOCATION of the MANDIBLE (head) cant move back/posteriorly

what is the role of the SPHENOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT and the STYLOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT in the temporomandibular joint

help KEEP the HEAD of the MANDIBLE IN the MANDIBULAR FOSSA - PREVENTS FALLING OUT - especially when OPENING JAW (rotates in the fossa)

MOVEMENTS of the MANDIBLE: DEPRESSION: ELEVATION: PROTRUSION: RETRACTION: ROTATION:

DEPRESSION: causes the MOUTH to OPEN ELEVATION: causes the MOUTH to CLOSE PROTRUSION: causes the LOWER TEETH to MOVE FORWARD - lie in FRONT of UPPER TEETH RETRACTION: LOWER TEETH MOVE BACK - lie in LINE/BEHIND UPPER TEETH / MANDIBULAR HEAD is PULLED BACK INTO MANDIBULAR FOSSA ROTATION: causes LATERAL CHEWING MOVEMENTS

what is the EXTRA FEATURE of the SYNOVIAL JOINT that enables all these MOVEMENTS in the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT and what does it do / form

ARTICULAR DISC SEPARATES the JOINT INTO 2 get UPPER JOINT CAVITY and LOWER JOINT CAVITY

the UPPER JOINT CAVITY in the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT allows which movements

PROTRUSION & RETRACTION

the LOWER JOINT CAVITY in the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT allows which movements

HINGE & ROTATION

What is between the head of the mandible and the mandibular fossa

ARTICULAR DISC ( JOINT)

what is the area BELOW / TO THE SIDE of the mandibular FOSSA

ARTICULAR TUBERCLE

during PROTRUSTION how does the HEAD OF THE MANDIBLE MOVE

MOVES OUT of the FOSSA onto the ARTICULAR TUBERCLE

when the mouth is WIDE OPEN what are the 2 MANDIBLE MOVEMENTS and how does the HEAD of the MANDIBLE MOVE

PROTUSION & DEPRESSION HEAD of MANDIBLE MOVES OUT of FOSSA and onto ARTICULAR TUBERCLE - gives mandible space to ROTATE BACKWARDS

02. SKULL (HARC) Flashcards

(65 cards)