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Musculoskeletal System > 04. Upper limb II- Elbow to Wrist/Hand (HARC) > Flashcards

04. Upper limb II- Elbow to Wrist/Hand (HARC) Flashcards

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1
Q

bones in the ARM PROPER

A

HUMERUS

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2
Q

bones in the FOREARM

A

RADIUS (lateral)
ULNA (medial)

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3
Q

bones in the HAND (3 sections)

A
  • 8 CARPAL BONES in the HAND
  • 5 METACARPALS in the PALM
  • 14 PHALANGES in the DIGITS (3 in each finger, 2 in thumb)
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4
Q

how many CARPAL BONES in HAND

A

8

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5
Q

how many METACARPAL BONES in PALM

A

5

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6
Q

how many PHALANGES in DIGITS

A

14

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7
Q

name of part on HUMERUS that the HEAD of the RADIUS fits into during FLEXION of ELBOW

A

RADIAL FOSSA

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8
Q

name of part on HUMERUS that the CORONOID PROCESS (hooked projection) of the ULNA fits into during FLEXION of ELBOW

A

CORONOID FOSSA

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9
Q

which part of HUMERUS ARTICULATES with RADIUS

A

CAPITULUM

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10
Q

which part of HUMERUS ARTICULATES with ULNA

A

TROCHLEA

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11
Q

What part on the ULNA does the TROCHLEA ARTICULATE with

A

TROCHLEAR NOTCH

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12
Q

name of BONEY PROJECTIONS on the RADIUS and ULNA

A

RADIAL TUBEROSITY
ULNA TUBEROSITY

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13
Q

parts of HUMERUS that STICK OUT

A

LATERAL EPICONDYLE
MEDIAL EPICONDYLE

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14
Q

what is the PART on the ULNA that the HEAD of the RADIUS fits into and what does it allow

A

RADIAL NOTCH

PRONATION & SUPINATION

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15
Q

what does the OLECRANON (boney part of elbow) fit into on the HUMERUS

A

OLECRANON FOSSA

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16
Q

3 ARTICULATIONS at ELBOW JOINT:

A
  • HUMERUS TROCHLEA & ULNA TROCHLEAR NOTCH
  • CAPITULUM of HUMERUS & HEAD of RADIUS

(these both are involved in flexion and extension)

  • HEAD of RADIUS & RADIAL NOTCH of ULNA

(pronation & supination)

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17
Q

which ARTICULATIONS are involved in FLEXION and EXTENSION

A
  • HUMERUS (capitulum) and RADIUS
  • HUMERUS (trochlea) and ULNA (trochlear notch)
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18
Q

which ARTICULATION is involved in PRONATION & SUPINATION

A
  • RADIUS (head) & ULNA (radial notch)
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19
Q

what part of the ELBOW JOINT contributes to STABILITY

A

the FIBROUS MEMBRANE

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20
Q

LIGAMENTS that support FLEXION and EXTENSION and allows STABILITY

A

RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT
ULNA COLLATERAL LIGAMENT

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21
Q

name of LIGAMENT that starts at ULNA and goes AROUND HEAD of RADIUS

A

ANNULAR LIGAMENT of RADIUS

-Allows the head of the radius to slide against the radial notch of the ulna and pivot on the capitulum
during pronation and supination
& keeps in place

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22
Q

what do we have of the RADIUS that SLIDES
anteriorly over the convex surface of the head of
the ulna
& allows pronation/supination

A

ULNAR NOTCH

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23
Q

during PRONATION and SUPINATION what are the BONES HELD TOGETHER by (2)

A

▪ the ARTICULAR DISK at the distal radio-ulnar joint
▪ the INTEROSSEUS MEMBRANE

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24
Q

name of MEMBRANE that ATTACHES the RADIUS & ULNA

A

INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE

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25
which 2 MUSCLES allow SUPINATION of the hand
- BICEPS BRACHII - SUPINATOR MUSCLE
26
which 2 MUSCLES allow PRONATION of the hand
- PRONATOR TERES (origin: medial epicondyle) - PRONATOR QUADRATUS (origin: anterior surface of the distal end of the ulna)
27
as MUSCLES CONTRACT for PRONATION what happens to the RADIUS and TENDON of BICEPS BRACHII and SUPINATOR MUSCLE
- DISTAL end of RADIUS is PULLED OVER the ULNA - BICEPS BRACHII tendon and SUPINATOR muscle become WRAPPED AROUND PROXIMAL end of RADIUS -unwrap: SUPINATION
28
What movement is permitted between the proximal radioulnar joint
ROTATION
29
name the 8 CARPAL BONES
- SCAPHOID - LUNATE - TRIQUETRUM - PISIFORM - HAMATE - CAPITATE - TRAPEZOID - TRAPEZIUM
30
3 PHALANGES
DISTAL MIDDLE PROXIMAL
31
where do we get ARTICULATION at WRIST JOINT
between RADIUS, SCAPHOID & LUNATE
32
GAP between CARPAL and ULNA filled with
ARTICULAR DISC
33
what SEPARATES the ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR COMPARTMENTS in the FOREARM
LATERAL INTERMUSCULAR SEPTUM
34
which COMPARTMENT in the arm is for FLEXION
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
35
3 FUNCTIONS of MUSCLES in the ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
- MOVE the WRIST JOINT - FLEX FINGERS and THUMB - PRONATE the HAND
36
MUSCLES in the ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT are arranged in 3 LAYERS
- SUPERFICIAL - INTERMEDIATE - DEEP
37
3 MUSCLES in the DEEP LAYER of the ANTERIOR (FLEXOR) COMPARTMENT of arm and what do they each do
- FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS flexes fingers & wrist - FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS flexes thumb - PRONATOR QUADRATUS pronation (brings radius over ulna)
38
MUSCLE in INTERMEDIATE LAYER of ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT and what does it do
- FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS MUSCLE flexes fingers and wrist (more superficially - on surface)
39
what do TENDONS of the FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS, FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS and FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS PASS THROUGH
CARPAL TUNNEL
40
what is the CARPAL TUNNEL formed of (2)
CARPAL BONES FLEXOR RETINACULUM
41
what NERVE PASSES through CARPAL TUNNEL and why can this cause problems
MEDIAN NERVE if TENDONS SWELL (eg in RHEUMATOID ARTHIRITIS) NERVE becomes COMPRESSED - CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
42
SYMPTOMS of CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
▪ Increased pressure in the carpal tunnel ▪ Pain and pins and needles in distribution of median nerve ▪ Weakness and loss of muscle bulk of the thenar muscles
43
TREATMENTS for CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
▪ Reducing inflammation (rest/splint/steroids) ▪ Surgical decompression of the flexor retinaculum
44
which is the BIGGEST CARPAL BONE
CAPITATE
45
which NERVE is COMPRESSED in CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
MEDIAN NERVE
46
which CARPAL BONE is the SMALLEST
PISIFORM
47
how many MUSCLES in the SUPERFICIAL LAYER of the arm and what is their COMMON ORIGIN
4 MUSCLES common origin: MEDIAL EPICONDYLE of HUMERUS
48
name 4 MUSCLES of the SUPERFICIAL LAYER of the arm and their FUNCTIONS
- FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS flexes and adducts the wrist - PALMARIS LONGUS flexes the wrist (absent in 15% population) -FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS flexes and abducts the wrist - PRONATOR TERES pronation
49
what does the FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS in SUPERFICIAL layer do
FLEXES & ADDUCTS the WRIST
50
what does the PALMARIS LONGUS in SUPERFICIAL layer do
FLEXES the WRIST
51
what does the FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS in SUPERFICIAL layer do
FLEXES & ABDUCTS the WRIST used to find PULSE
52
what is the POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT of the ARM for
EXTENSION
53
what do the MUSCLES in the POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARMENT do (3)
- MOVE WRIST joint - EXTEND FINGERS and THUMB - SUPINATION of HAND
54
POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARMENT of arm is arranged in 2 LAYERS:
- SUPERFICIAL -DEEP
55
How many MUSCLES are in the DEEP LAYER of the POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARMENT
5
56
name the 5 MUSCLES in the DEEP LAYER of the POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARMENT and what do they each do
- ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS ABDUCTS the THUMB - EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS extends the THUMB tendon forms lateral border of the ANATOMICAL SNUFFBOX - EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS Extends the THUMB tendon forms the medial border (top) of the ANATOMICAL SNUFFBOX - EXTENSOR INDICES extends index finger - SUPINATOR supination
57
which MUSCLES EXTEND the THUMB
EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS
58
which accessory MUSCLE EXTENDS the INDEX finger
EXTENSOR INDICES
59
which MUSCLE ABDUCTS the THUMB
ABDUCTER POLLICIS LONGUS
60
which MUSCLE FLEXES the THUMB
FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS
61
which MUSCLES FLEX the 4 FINGERS and WRIST
FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS (deep) FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS (intermediate)
62
which MUSCLE FLEXES and ADDUCTS the WRIST
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
63
which MUSCLE FLEXES and ABDUCTS the WRIST
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
64
which other MUSCLE FLEXES the WRIST
PALMARIS LONGUS
65
how many MUSCLES are in the SUPERFICIAL LAYER of the POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARMENT
7
66
name the 7 MUSCLES in the SUPERIFICAL LAYER of the POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARMENT and what they do
- BRACHIORADIALIS anterior but attachments are posterior FLEXES the ELBOW - EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS extends and ABDUCTS the WRIST - EXENSOR CAPRI RADIALIS BREVIS extends and ABDUCTS the wrist - EXTENSOR DIGITORUM major Extensor of 4 FINGERS - EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI accessory extensor of the LITTLE FINGER - EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS extends and ADDUCTS the WRIST - ANCONEUS Extends ELOW and ABDUCTS the ULNA during PRONATION
67
which MUSCLES ADDUCT the WRIST
- FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS - EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
68
which MUSCLES ABDUCT the WRIST
- FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS - EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS - EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
69
which MUSCLE is the MAIN EXTENSOR of the 4 FINGERS
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM
70
which MUSCLE is an accessory EXTENSOR of the LITTLE FINGER
EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI
71
which MUSCLE ABDUCTS the ULNA during PRONATION
ANCONEUS
72
which ARTERY and VEIN is DEEP to the CLAVICLE
SUBCLAVIAN
73
which 3 NERVES INNERVATE the UPPER LIMB/ARM posterior middle medial
RADIAL NERVE MEDIAN NERVE ULNA NERVE
74
What is the CUBITAL FOSSA and what is done there
Important transition area between the arm and forearm When taking BLOOD PRESSURE READING, the clinician places the stethoscope over the BRACHIAL ARTERY in the cubital fossa
75
what forms the BORDER of the CUBITAL FOSSA (triangle - 3)
- Lateral and Medial EPICONDYLES - BRACHIORADIALIS - PRONATOR TERES
76
what can you find in the CUBITAL FOSSA (Really Need Beer To Be At My Nicest)
- RADIAL NERVE - BICEPS TENDON - BRACHIAL ARTERY - MEDIAN NERVE
77
which 3 VEINS make the ROOF of the CUBITAL FOSSA
- BASILIC VEIN - MEDIAN CUBITAL VEIN (venipuncture) - CEPHALIC VEIN
78
which VEIN INNERVATES the EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
RADIAL NERVE
79
which VEIN is used for a VENIPUNCTURE (the collection of blood from a vein)
MEDIAN CUBITAL VEIN
80
what is the DISTAL most muscle insertion on the ANTERIOR aspect of the RADIUS
PRONATOR QUADRATUS

Musculoskeletal System (18 decks)

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