03b: Pecs and Shoulder

Question 1

Sternal end of clavicle is (flat/round) and acromial end is (flat/round).

Answer 1

Round; flat

Question 2

List joints of shoulder.

Answer 2

1. Sternoclavicular
2. Acromioclavicular
3. Scapulothoracic
4. Glenohumeral

Question 3

T/F: Sternoclavicular joint is inherently stable.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Sternoclavicular joint is what type of joint (be specific)

Answer 4

Saddle (synovial)

Question 5

List the associated structures of the sternoclavicular joint.

Answer 5

1. Fibrocartilage disc

2. Ligaments

Question 6

List ligaments involved in stabilizing sternoclavicular joint.

Answer 6

1. Sternoclavicular ligament
2. Costoclavicular ligament
3. Interclavicular ligament

Question 7

List movements that occur at sternoclavicular joint.

Answer 7

1. Protraction/retraction
2. Elevation/depression

(some accompanying rotation)

Question 8

Acromioclavicular joint is what type of joint (be specific)

Answer 8

Plane (synovial)

Question 9

List the associated structures of the acromioclavicular joint.

Answer 9

1. Fibrocartilage disc

2. Ligaments

Question 10

List ligaments involved in stabilizing acromioclavicular joint.

Answer 10

1. Acromioclavicular ligament

2. Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 11

List movements that occur at acromioclavicular joint.

Answer 11

Gliding (of scapula on clavicle)

Question 12

Which parts of which bones make up the articulate components of glenohumeral joint?

Answer 12

Head of humerus and glenoid fossa of scapula

Question 13

Movements at glenohumeral joint.

Answer 13

1. F/E
2. Ab/Add
3. Internal/external rotation

Question 14

Glenoid fossa is (bigger/smaller) than humeral head. By how much?

Answer 14

Smaller;

1/3 the size

Question 15

The (X) shoulder joint had compromised (stability/mobility) for increased (stability/mobility).

Answer 15

X = glenohumeral

Stability; mobility

Question 16

(Contractile/non-contractile) structures enhance glenohumeral joint stability.

Answer 16

Both!

Question 17

List structures that contribute to glenohumeral stability.

Answer 17

1. Glenoid labrum
2. Ligaments
3. Rotator cuff muscles

Question 18

List ligaments that contribute to glenohumeral stability.

Answer 18

1. Glenohumeral
2. Coracohumeral
3. Coracoacromial
4. Transverse humeral ligament

Question 19

Glenoid labrum includes (X) attached to (Y) that functions to (Z).

Answer 19

X = fibrocartilaginous ring
Y = margin of glenoid fossa
Z = deepens glenoid cavity

Question 20

The tendon of which muscle is found (superior/inferior/medial/lateral) to glenoid labrum?

Answer 20

Superior; biceps

Question 21

Glenohumeral joint: there are superior, middle, and inferior (X) ligaments.

Answer 21

X = glenohumeral

Question 22

Where is the coracohumeral ligament of the (X) joint, wrt other ligaments?

Answer 22

X = glenohumeral

Between superior and middle glenohumeral ligaments

Question 23

Which ligament, along with stabilizing (X) joint, stabilizes tendon of (Y) head of biceps?

Answer 23

X = glenohumeral
Y = long

Trasverse humeral ligament

Question 24

The (X) arch in the shoulder is formed by (Y).

Answer 24

X = coracoacromial
Y = acromion and coracoid process of scapula, connected by coracoacromial ligament

Question 25

What's the key function of the (X) arch in the shoulder?

Answer 25

X = coracoacromial Prevents superior displacement of humeral head from glenoid cavity

Question 26

What's found under coracoacromial arch?

Answer 26

1. Supraspinatus tendon passes through | 2. Subacromial/subdeltoid bursa

Question 27

The reason behind (X) rotation of the humerus during full (Y) is:

Answer 27

``` X = lateral Y = abduction ``` Limited subacromial space

Question 28

We have greater range of motion in (flexion/extention).

Answer 28

Flexion

Question 29

We have greater range of motion in (internal/external) rotation.

Answer 29

Internal

Question 30

You shrug your shoulders. Movement is occurring at which joint(s)?

Answer 30

Sternoclavicular, Acromioclavicular, scapulothoracic

Question 31

What's scapulohumeral rhythm?

Answer 31

At certain point in abduction of humerus, movement occurs at scapulothoracic joint to accommodate movement at glenohumeral joint (and prevent dislocation)

Question 32

Location on back where breath may be most easily heard through stethoscope is called (X). Identify the borders.

Answer 32

X = triangle of auscultation Traps, lats, medial border of scapula

Question 33

Winged scapula is a big post-op risk for which surgery? Why?

Answer 33

Mastectomy; long thoracic nerve lies on surface of serratus anterior

Question 34

List the intrinsic scapulohumeral muscles.

Answer 34

1. Rotator cuff (SITS) 2. Teres major 3. Deltoid 4. Coracobrachialis

Question 35

List rotator cuff muscles and star the one(s) on anterior scapula.

Answer 35

1. Supraspinatus 2. Infraspinatus 3. Teres minor 4. Subscapularis*

Question 36

Which rotator cuff muscle works closely with the (anterior/middle/posterior) delts by initiation (X)?

Answer 36

Supraspinatus Middle; X = abduction of shoulder

Question 37

What specifically do rotator cuff muscles do to contribute to stability of (X) joint?

Answer 37

X = glenohumeral Provide inward (medial) and downward compressive forces to counter the upward shift of humerus due to deltoid action (abduction)

Question 38

Which muscle is known as the "boxer muscle"?

Answer 38

Serratus anterior

Question 39

Which nerves are most intimately related to the humerus and likely to be affected with proximal fracture?

Answer 39

Axillary and radial nerves

Question 40

Median nerve is particularly susceptible to damage with a fracture in which part of humerus?

Answer 40

Distal end