05b: Hip and Gluteal Flashcards by Nuna H

Internal iliac artery, a branch of (X), branches into:

X = common iliac artery

Superior gluteal artery
Inferior gluteal artery
Obturator artery

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

External iliac artery, a branch of (X), branches into:

X = common iliac artery

Doesn’t branch

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

(Internal/external) iliac artery changes name to (X) at which landmark?

External;
X = Femoral artery
After passing inguinal ligament

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

(Superficial/deep) veins are more effective at propelling blood upward.

Deep

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

(X) shunt blood from (superficial/deep) veins to (superficial/deep) veins.

X = perforating veins

Superficial; deep

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Describe path from superficial lymph vessels in (X) to deep inguinal lymph nodes.

X = medial foot, anteromedial leg, and thigh

Drain into superficial inguinal lymph node, then into deep inguinal lymph node

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lymphodema occurs when

Fluid isn’t picked up by blocked lymph vessels and accumulates in lower extremities

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lumbar plexus is formed within (X) muscle by (dorsal/ventral) rami of which SC roots?

X = psoas major
Ventral;
L1-L4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sacral plexus is formed by (dorsal/ventral) rami of which SC roots?

Ventral;

L4-L5 and S1-S4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

(X) is referred to the lumbosacral trunk because:

X = L4-5;

It’s part of the lumbar SC that contributes to the sacral plexus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sciatic nerve branches from (X) plexus.

X = sacral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves branch from (X) plexus.

X = sacral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Femoral nerve branches from (X) plexus.

X = lumbar

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Obturator nerve branches from (X) plexus.

X = lumbar

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

List compartments of the thigh.

Anterior, medial, posterior

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

List compartments of the leg.

Anterior, lateral, posterior

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Anterior articulation of pelvis referred to as (X) and is what type of joint?

X = pubic symphysis

Symphysis (cartilaginous)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pubic symphysis supported by (X) ligaments.

X = pubic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which joints support the pelvis posteriorly?

Sacroiliac joints

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sacroiliac joints are which type of joints?

Plane (synovial)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which key joints in lower body have interlocking elevations/depressions on articular surfaces? Why?

Sacroiliac joints; increased stability

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

List ligaments that support sacroiliac joints.

Sacroiliac
Sacrospinous
Sacrotuberous

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sacrospinous ligament attaches to (X) and (Y).

X = sacrum
Y = ischial spine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The greater sciatic (X) becomes the greater sciatic (Y) due to (Z).

X = notch
Y = foramen
Z = sacrospinous ligament

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sacrotuberous ligament attaches to (X) and (Y).

``` X = sacrum Y = ischial tuberosity ```

The lesser sciatic (X) becomes the lesser sciatic (Y) due to (Z).

``` X = notch Y = foramen Z = Both sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments ```

(Sacrospinous/sacrotuberous) ligament is more anterior.

Sacrospinous

Something wanting to travel from pelvis to lower extremity can travel through which openings?

1. Greater or lesser sciatic foramen 2. Obturator canal 3. Deep to inguinal ligament

List movements at hip joint.

1. F/E 2. Abd/Add 3. Med/Lat rotation

In hip joint, (X) part of femur articulates with (Y).

``` X = head Y = acetabulum ```

T/F: The entire articular surface of acetabulum is covered in hyaline cartilage.

False - only lunate surface

Acetabular fossa is in (center/periphery) of acetabulum and is covered with (X).

Center; | X = fat

(Superior/lateral/inferior) portion of acetabulum has (X) notch that's closed by (Y).

Inferior; X = acetabular Y = transverse acetabular ligament

T/F: The femoral head is coated with hyaline cartilage.

True

In the center of the femoral head is:

Fovea and Ligamentum Teres

Describe the composition of the hip joint articular capsule.

1. Inner serous synovial membrane | 2. Outer fibrous capsule

Which vessel passes through ligamentum teres? Where did it branch from?

Artery of ligament of head; | Branched from acetabular branch off obturator artery

List the ligaments of the hip joint. Star the strongest.

1. Iliofemoral* 2. Ischiofemoral 3. Pubofemoral

The "Y" ligament is formally termed:

Iliofemoral ligament

Iliofemoral ligament attaches to (anterior/posterior/lateral/medial) femur and limits which action(s)?

Anterior; hyperextension

Ischiofemoral ligament attaches to (anterior/posterior/lateral/medial) femur and limits which action(s)?

Anterior; hyperextension

Pubofemoral ligament attaches to (anterior/posterior/lateral/medial) femur and limits which action(s)?

Lateral; abduction

Patella tendon reflexes involve (X) SC segments and (Y) muscles.

``` X = L3, L4 Y = quadriceps ```

Calcaneal tendon reflexes involve (X) SC segments and (Y) muscles.

``` X = S1 Y = Gastrocnemius and soleus ```

The IT Band is a thickening of:

Deep fascia of thigh

The (X) muscle of the gluteal region is in its own compartment.

X = tensor fascia latae

(X) gluteal muscles innervated by superior gluteal nerve.

X = gluteus medius, gluteus minimis, tensor fascia latae

(X) gluteal muscles innervated by inferior gluteal nerve.

X = gluteus maximus

(X) and (Y) gluteal muscles both attach to ITB and (internally/externally) rotate hip.

X = gluteus maximus (externally rotates) Y = tensor fascia latae (internally rotates)

List the deep external rotators of the hip.

1. Piriformis 2. Superior and inferior gemellus 3. Obturator internus 4. Quadratus femoris

Piriformis (enters/leaves) pelvis via (X) and attaches to (Y).

Leaves X = greater sciatic foramen Y = greater trochanter of femur

In single limb stance (SLS), (X) muscle on the (weight-bearing/opposite) limb contracts. Which action does this promote/prevent?

X = gluteus minimis and medius; Weight-bearing; Prevents inferior movement of pelvis on non-weightbearing side (maintains hip abduction)

Positive (X) test/gait: during SLS, weight-bearing hip will (Y) and non-weightbearing hip will (Z).

``` X = Tredelenburg Y = adduct Z= "drop" ```

Patient with "hip drop" likely has lesion/weakness in which nerve/muscles?

Lesion in superior gluteal nerve; weakness in gluteus medius/minimis

Direct lateral approach for total hip arthroplasty puts which specific structure at risk?

Superior gluteal nerve (when gluteus medius is split/retracted)

List gluteal muscles innervated by sciatic nerve.

None

Cutaneous innervation of buttock is mainly supplied by (X).

X = clunial nerves

List the clunial nerves and their origins.

1. Superior (posterior rami of lumbar/sacral nerves) 2. Medial (posterior rami of lumbar/sacral nerves) 3. Inferior (branch from posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh)

Which branches off internal iliac artery supply gluteal region?

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

Myotome

Muscles innervated by single spinal nerve root or single SC level

Hip flexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = iliopsoas Y = L2, L3 ```

Hip extension myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = gluteus max, hamstrings Y = L5, S1 ```

Knee extension myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = Quads Y = L3, L4 ```

Knee flexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = Hamstrings Y = L5, S1 ```

Dorsiflexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = Anterior tibialis Y = L4, L5 ```

Plantarflexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = Gastrocnemius and soleus Y = S1 ```

Inversion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = Anterior and posterior tibialis Y = L4, L5 ```

Eversion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = Fibularis longus and brevis Y = L5, S1 ```

1st MTP extension myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = Extensor hallicus longus Y = L5 ```

1st MTP flexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

``` X = flexor hallicus longus Y = S1, S2 ```

05b: Hip and Gluteal Flashcards

(70 cards)