04b: Forearm and Wrist

Question 1

At the (X) landmark, the brachial artery divides into:

Answer 1

X = elbow

Radial and ulnar arteries

Question 2

The (X) interosseous arteries come off the (Y) artery at which landmark?

Answer 2

X = anterior and posterior
Y = ulnar

Elbow (just distal to elbow joint)

Question 3

As the ulnar artery continues into the hand, it becomes main supply to (X), which branches into (Y), which branches into (Z).

Answer 3

X = superficial palmar arch
Y = common digital arteries
Z = proper digital arteries

Question 4

As the radial artery continues into the hand, it becomes main supply to (X), which branches into (Y), which branches into (Z).

Answer 4

X = deep palmar arch
Y = palmar metacarpal arteries, princeps pollicis artery, radialis indicis

No further branching

Question 5

The “Allen Test for (X)” examines:

Answer 5

X = collateral circulation

Refill rate of either radial or ulnar arteries

Question 6

As the (X) nerve continues down the anterior forearm, it branches into:

Answer 6

X = median

1. Anterior interosseous nerve
2. Palmar cutaneous nerve
3. Recurrent median nerve

Question 7

As the (X) nerve continues down the posterior forearm, it branches into:

Answer 7

X = radial

1. Deep radial nerve
2. Superficial sensory nerve

Question 8

The anterior interosseous nerve, a branch of (X), passes (medial/lateral/superficial/deep) to which muscle?

Answer 8

X = median

Deep to pronator quadratus

Question 9

Which muscles are supplied by anterior interosseous nerve?

Answer 9

1. Radial part of FDP
2. FPL
3. Pronator quadratus

Question 10

T/F: Palmar cutaneous nerve does not pass through the carpal tunnel.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What’s the function of the recurrent branch of median nerve?

Answer 11

Motor to intrinsic thumb muscles

Question 12

When does the radial nerve branch?

Answer 12

In cubital fossa

Question 13

Which muscles supplied by deep radial nerve?

Answer 13

1. Supinator

2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 14

After piercing supinator, (X) is referred to as (Y).

Answer 14

X = deep radial nerve
Y = posterior interosseous nerve

Question 15

Cutaneous innervation over delt area supplied by:

Answer 15

Upper lateral brachial cutaneous nerve

Question 16

Biceps reflex testing asses which (nerves/segments)?

Answer 16

C5-C6 SC segments

Question 17

Falling on outstretched hand typically results in (X) fracture of (Y) bone. In which direction is the bone displaced?

Answer 17

X = Colles'
Y = radius (distal)

Displaced dorsally

Question 18

Falling on dorsum of hand (with flexed wrist) results in (X) fracture of (Y) bone. In which direction is the bone displaced?

Answer 18

X = Smith
Y = radius (distal)

Palmar displacement

Question 19

Radiocarpal joints are what type of joints? Which motions occur at these joints?

Answer 19

Condyloid (synovial);

Wrist F/E and Ab/Ad

Question 20

Midcarpal joints are what type of joints? Which motions occur at these joints?

Answer 20

Plane (synovial); Gliding between carpals

Question 21

(X) is/are called “stabilizing (Y)” and prevent(s) bowstringing of (Z).

Answer 21

X = extensor and flexor retinacula
Y = ligaments
Z = tendons

Question 22

Aside from the flexor and extensor retinacula, list stabilizing ligaments in hand.

Answer 22

Radial and ulnar collateral ligaments

Question 23

T/F: Both radial and ulnar collateral ligaments exist on dorsal surface of hand.

Answer 23

False - Ulnar on dorsal surface, radial on palmar surface

Question 24

What’s the transverse carpal ligament?

Answer 24

Flexor retinaculum

Question 25

Guyon's Tunnel is a canal for (X) on the (Y) surface.

Answer 25

``` X = ulnar nerve Y = palmar ```

Question 26

T/F: Ulnar nerve doesn't pass through carpal tunnel.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Guyon's tunnel is (superficial/deep/lateral) to (X) retinaculum.

Answer 27

Superficial; | X = flexor

Question 28

(X) forms roof of Guyon's tunnel.

Answer 28

X = pisohammate ligament

Question 29

Which main joints involved in wrist F/E?

Answer 29

Radiocarpal and midcarpal joints

Question 30

T/F: We can flex wrist to greater degree than extend.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Which main joints involved in wrist radial/ulnar deviation?

Answer 31

Radiocarpal and midcarpal joints

Question 32

T/F: We have greater range in radial deviation than we do in ulnar deviation.

Answer 32

False - ulnar deviation is greater

Question 33

List the main forearm extensors of wrist.

Answer 33

1. Extensor carpi radialis longus 2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis 3. Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 34

List the main forearm flexors of wrist.

Answer 34

1. Flexor carpi radialis 2. Flexor carpi ulnaris 3. Palmaris longus (opt)

Question 35

ECRL, ECRB, and ECU all originate on (X)

Answer 35

X = lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 36

ECRL, ECRB, and ECU all insert on (X).

Answer 36

X = different metacarpals

Question 37

Lateral epicondylitis is also called (X). Which action causes this?

Answer 37

X = tennis elbow Repeated, forceful F/E of wrist

Question 38

In tennis elbow, strain on (X) causes (Y) of which structure?

Answer 38

X = common extensor tendon Y = inflammation of periosteum at lateral epicondyle

Question 39

FCR, FCU, and PL all originate on (X)

Answer 39

X = medial epicondyle of humerus

Question 40

FCR, FCU, and PL all insert on (X)

Answer 40

X = different structures...

Question 41

Dupuytren contracture involves:

Answer 41

contracture of palmar fascia

Question 42

T/F: ECRB assists in radial deviation of wrist.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

As musculocutaneous nerve enters forearm, it becomes:

Answer 43

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Question 44

Median nerve in (ant/post) forearm passes (on/under/between) which muscle(s)?

Answer 44

Anterior; Between the two heads of pronator teres