03c: Infratemporal Fossa

Question 1

Major borders of temporal fossa.

Answer 1

Medial: Pterion (frontal, parietal, temporal, greater wing sphenoid)
Lateral: Zygomatic arch

Question 2

Temporal fossa contents.

Answer 2

Temporalis and supplying neurovasculature

Question 3

Lateral border of infra temporal fossa.

Answer 3

Ramus of mandible

Question 4

Medial border of infra temporal fossa.

Answer 4

Lateral pterygoid plate

Question 5

Anterior border of infra temporal fossa.

Answer 5

Maxilla

Question 6

Posterior border of infra temporal fossa.

Answer 6

1. Styloid and mastoid processes

2. Tympanic plate

Question 7

Superior border of infra temporal fossa.

Answer 7

Inferior surface of greater wing sphenoid

Question 8

Musculoskeletal structures in infratemporal fossa.

Answer 8

1. Medial and lateral pterygoid

2. TMJ

Question 9

Nerves in infratemporal fossa

Answer 9

1. Most V3 branches
2. Chorda tympani (CN VII branch)
3. Otic ganglion

Question 10

Vasculature in infratemporal fossa.

Answer 10

Majority of maxillary artery

Question 11

Which key landmark separates that divisions of maxillary artery? List each division and its relationship to that landmark.

Answer 11

Lateral pterygoid muscle;

1. Mandibular (lateral)
2. Pterygoid (along/superficial)
3. Pterygopalatine (medial)

Question 12

List branches off maxillary artery in first, (X), division.

Answer 12

X = mandibular

1. Anterior tympanic
2. Middle meningeal
3. Inferior alveolar

Question 13

Anterior tympanic artery supplies:

Answer 13

Middle ear

Question 14

Which maxillary artery branch is often site of bleeding in (X) hematomas?

Answer 14

X = epidural;

Middle meningeal

Question 15

Inferior alveolar artery travels into/through (X) and with (Y).

Answer 15

X = mandible;
Y = inferior alveolar nerve (V3)

Question 16

Second, (X), division of maxillary artery supplies:

Answer 16

X = pterygoid

1. Masseter and temporalis
2. Pterygoid muscles
3. Buccinator

Question 17

Which division(s), if any, of maxillary artery course through pterygopalatine fossa?

Answer 17

Pterygopalatine (third)

Question 18

List branches off maxillary artery in third, (X), division. Star the ones give off in (Y), before it passes through (Z).

Answer 18

X = pterygopalatine
Y = infratemporal fossa
Z = pterygomaxillary fissure

1. Posterior superior alveolar*
2. Infraorbital
3. Descending palatine
4. Sphenopalatine
5. Pharyngeal
6. Artery of pterygoid canal

Question 19

Territory supplied by maxillary artery is drained by (X). Anteriorly, (X) drains into (Y) via (Z).

Answer 19

X = pterygoid plexus of veins
Y = facial vein
Z = deep facial vein

Question 20

Territory supplied by maxillary artery is drained by (X). Superiorly, (X) drains into (Y) via (Z).

Answer 20

X = pterygoid plexus of veins
Y = cavernous sinus or orbit
Z = emissary veins or inferior opthalmic vein

Question 21

Pterygoid plexus of veins is significant potential connection between:

Answer 21

External face and intracranial dural venous sinuses

Question 22

Muscles involved in protrusion of jaw.

Answer 22

1. Lateral pterygoid

2. Medial pterygoid (assists)

Question 23

Muscles involved in elevation of jaw.

Answer 23

1. Temporalis and masseter

2. Medial pterygoid

Question 24

Muscles involved in retraction of jaw.

Answer 24

1. Posterior temporalis
2. Deep part of masseter
3. Geniohyoid and digastric

Question 25

Muscles involved in depression of jaw.

Answer 25

1. Digastric 2. Geniohyoid 3. Mylohyoid

Question 26

Sphenomandibular ligament is on (X) surface of mandible and connects to which processes?

Answer 26

X = medial | Spine of sphenoid and lingula of mandible

Question 27

Stylomandibular ligament is on (X) surface of mandible and connects to which processes?

Answer 27

X = medial | Styloid process and angle of mandible

Question 28

Gently opening mouth. What motions at R and L TMJ?

Answer 28

Rotation of R andL mandible heads in mandibular fossae

Question 29

Widely opening mouth. What motions at R and L TMJ?

Answer 29

Heads of mandibles and articular discs move anteriorly until positioned under articular tubercle; mandible depressed

Question 30

Protrusion/retraction of jaw. What motions at R and L TMJ?

Answer 30

Heads of mandibles and articular discs move anteriorly until positioned under articular tubercle; mandible NOT depressed/elevated

Question 31

Chin moved laterally to right. What motions at R and L TMJ?

Answer 31

R: pivoting and retraction L: sliding anteriorly (protraction)

Question 32

Which muscle is the primary retractor of mandible?

Answer 32

Temporalis

Question 33

(X) muscle is the mirror image of masseter.

Answer 33

X = medial pterygoid

Question 34

(X) mastication muscles close jaw and (Y) mastication muscles open jaw.

Answer 34

``` X = 3 (masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid) Y = 1 (lateral pterygoid) ```

Question 35

Which muscle of mastication attaches to (X) of TMJ?

Answer 35

X = joint capsule and disc Superior head of lateral pterygoid

Question 36

T/F: Most of the TMJ has no sensory innervation.

Answer 36

False - disc doesn't but rest of joint is highly sensitive

Question 37

TMJ sensory fibers primarily travel in branches of (X) nerves, which are collectively part of (Y) nerve.

Answer 37

``` X = Auriculotemporal, masseteric Y = mandibular division of CN V ```

Question 38

Unilateral contraction of lateral pterygoid will cause jaw to:

Answer 38

Swing to contralateral side

Question 39

Muscles of mastication propioceptive awareness (to control force of bite) is carried by afferent fibers from (X) structures to (Y).

Answer 39

``` X = muscle spindles Y = Mesencephalic Nucleus of V ```

Question 40

Vascularization of TMJ via branches of (X) artery/arteries.

Answer 40

X = superficial temporal and maxillary