10.4 Study Guide

Question 1

Definition of Nondisjunction:

Answer 1

Chromosomes that don’t separate properly during meiosis —> Offspring with the wrong chromosome number

Question 2

Definition of Trisomy:

Answer 2

Cells that are diploid except they have 3 copies of one chromosome type

Question 3

Definition of Monosomy:

Answer 3

Cells that are diploid except they have only 1 copy of a chromosome

Question 4

Definition of Autosomes:

Answer 4

A non-sex chromosome

Question 5

Definition of Sex Chromosomes:

Answer 5

The gene that carries/determines sex

Question 6

Definition of Barr Body

Answer 6

An inactive X-chromosome

Question 7

Definition of Deletion:

Answer 7

Deleting gene(s) in a chromosome

Question 8

Definition of Duplication:

Answer 8

Duplicating gene(s) in a chromosome

Question 9

Definition of Inversion:

Answer 9

Inversing gene(s) in a chromosome

Question 10

Definition of Translocation:

Answer 10

Relocating gene(s) in a chromosome

Question 11

How does Nondisjunction lead to an incorrect number of chromosome?

Question 12

What determines human biological sex at birth?

Answer 12

The Y-chromosome

Question 13

Deletion zygote result:

Answer 13

Has only 1 gene instead of 2, missing gene(s)

Question 14

Duplication zygote result:

Answer 14

Has 3 genes instead of 2, extra gene(s)

Question 15

Inversion zygote result:

Answer 15

Trouble pairing with chromosomes for meiosis

Question 16

Translocation zygote result:

Answer 16

Dependent on which Chromatids end up in gamete