9.1 Study Guide Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is a Prokaryote?
A single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and surrounding membranes by its organelles.
What is an Eukaryote?
A single-celled or multi-cellular organism with a nucleus and surrounding membranes by its organelles.
What makes prokaryotes different from eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus or membranes surrounding their organelles; eukaryotes do have a nucleus and have membranes surrounding their organelles.
Most cell structures have vesicles, what is its function?
Small containers carry materials between cell compartments and out of the cell.
Most cell structures have a cell membrane, what is its function?
A protective barrier around the outside of the cell, controls what gets in and out and helps cells communicate.
Most cell structures have a nucleus, what is its function?
Stores DNA, location of transcription.
Most cell structures have a cytoskeleton, what is its function?
Long fibers that give a cell shape and structure, keeps organelles in place and aids in cell movement.
Most cell structures have a mitocondira, what is its function?
A kidney shaped with two layers of membrane, break down molecules to get energy for the cell in the form of ATP
Most cell structures have ribosomes, what is its function?
Small structures without membrane, translate mRNA to make proteins.
Most cell structures have a Endoplasmic Reticulum, what is its function?
The smooth portions of this organelle are where lipids and hormones are made. The rough portions of this has ribosomes on the surface which make proteins.
Most cell structures have a Golgi apparatus, what is its function?
It gets packages of proteins from the ER and moves them through a series of staked compartments. Adds tags to proteins based on where they need to go in the cell.
Most cell structures have lysosomes, what is its function?
Small compartments filled with digestive enzymes. Breaks down unneeded proteins and damaged cell parts for recycling.
What benefits does having prokaryote cell plans?
Efficiency, everything happens in one space.
What benefits does having eukaryote cell plans?
Performance, everything has a specific place where it takes place.
