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Anatomy > External Pharynx Session 7 > Flashcards

External Pharynx Session 7 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the pharynx

A

muscular tube to the respiratory and alimentary tracts

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2
Q

what r the openings of the pharynx

A

anterior: nasal and oral cavity
inferior: larynx and oesophagus

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3
Q

what r the three parts of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx

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4
Q

what is the location of the nasopharynx

A

behind nasal cavity

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5
Q

what is the location of the oropharynx

A

behind oral cavity

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6
Q

what is the location of the hypopharynx

A

behind the larynx

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7
Q

what r the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles

A

superior, middle and inferior constrictor muscles

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8
Q

what r the attachments of the superior constrictor muscle

A

origin: medial pterigoid plate and pterygomandibular raphe

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9
Q

what is the extent of the pterygomandibular raphe

A

extends from the medial pterygoid plate to mandible

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10
Q

middle constrictor muscle origin

A

hyoid bone

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11
Q

inferior constrictor muscle origin

A 
thyroid cartilage (thyropharyngeus)
cricoid cartilage (cricopharyngeus)
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12
Q

characteristic of the inner aspects of the constrictor muscles what what does this do

A

lined by thick pharyngobasilar fascia

bridges gap between superior constrictor and base of skull

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13
Q

what 3 things is the thick pharyngobasilar fascia attached to

A

pharyngeal tubercle, eustachian tube and medial pterygoid plate

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14
Q

what is the pharyngeal plexus formed from

A

CN 10 and 11

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15
Q

what is the weakest part of the pharyngeal wall, where is it located and what is it called

A

lower part of pharynx in midline, betweenthe diverging fibres of thyropharyngeal part of inferior constrictor, Kilian’s dehiscence

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16
Q

what is the structure of the cervical sympathetic chain

A

three ganglia in the neck:

  1. prominent superior cervical ganglia below skull
  2. smaller middle cervical ganglion (can be absent)
  3. larger inferior ganglion
17
Q

characteristic of inferior ganglion of cervical sympathetic chain

A

often fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form the stellate ganglion

18
Q

what is the stellate ganglion

A

fusion of first thoracic ganglion with the inferior ganglion

19
Q

what is the location of the stellate ganglion

A

nerves located in transverse process of level of 6th/ 7th vertebrae

20
Q

what is the superior laryngeal nerve a branch of and what is its path

A

vagus
large branch that passes down from the top of the neck, travels medially, passes over the carotid arteries and disappears between the gap fo the inferior and middle constrictor muscle

21
Q

what r the branches of the superior laryngeal nerve

A

internal and external laryngeal nerve

22
Q

what is the internal laryngeal nerve and what does it supply

A

sensory nerve to larynx above vocal cords

23
Q

what does the external laryngeal nerve supply

A

cricothyroid muscle and cricopharyngeal part of inferior constrictor

24
Q

what is the carotid sinus and what is it innervated by

A

swelling at the origin of the common carotid artery

CN 9

25
Q

what 2 things does the tympanic branch of CN 9 supply

A

middle ear, eustachian tube

26
Q

what is the origin of stylopharyngeus

A

styloid process

27
Q

where can the hypoglossal nerve be found and what is its path

A

between the mandible and ICA

curves forwards and disappears into the tongue

28
Q

what is a pharyngeal pouch

A

high pressure of swallowing causes mucosa to bulge from Killian’s dehiscence
food builds up and decomposes in pouch= bad breath and issues swallowing

29
Q

function of carotid sinus and motor an sensory innervation innervation of the bp reflex

A

measures blood pressure

sensory signal= CN 9, motor signal= vagus to slow the heart rate

30
Q

significance of losing sensation of CN 9

A

during swallowing, cannot detect fluid passing into larynx= fluid enters lungs and cause infections

31
Q

what is the carotid sheath

A

fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the vascular compartment of the neck

32
Q

contents of carotid sheath (5)

A 
internal jugular vein
common carotid artery bifurcation
vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerves
cervical ganglion
CN 7,9,10,11,12
33
Q

what is the muscle that the glossopharyngeal nerve travels along in the neck

A

stylopharangeus

Anatomy (28 decks)

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