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Microbiology > GRAM NEGATIVE RODS - GIT AND GUT > Flashcards

GRAM NEGATIVE RODS - GIT AND GUT Flashcards

1
Q

lactose fermenter

GREEN sheen

A

Escherichia coli

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2
Q

lactose fermenter
UREASE (+)
ESBL

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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3
Q

comma-shaped
motile
OXIDASE (+)

A

Vibrio cholerae

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4
Q

comma-shaped
microaerophilic
SKIRROW’S AGAR

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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5
Q

comma-shaped

UREASE (+)

A

Helicobacter pylori

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6
Q

LACTOSE FERMENTERS

A

KEEC

Klebsiella
Escherichia coli
Enterobacter
Citrobacter

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7
Q

WATERY DIARRHEA

MONTEZUMA’s REVENGE

TRAVELLER’s DIARRHEA

A

EnteroToxigenic E. coli ( ETEC)

heat labile - inc cAMP
heat stable - inc cGMP

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8
Q

bloody diarrhea, mucus, fever

INVASIVE - hemorrhagic diarrhea but WITHOUT HUS

A

EnteroInvasive E. colo (EIEC)

rare

enterotoxin

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9
Q 
hemorrhagic colitis
hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
*microangiopathic hemolysis
*uremia
*thrombocytopenia

children, elderly

A

EnteroHemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)/Shiga like toxin (STEC)

O157.H7

shiga like toxin/verotoxins
*(-) mammalian protein synthesis via 60s ribosomal subunit

transmitted via UNDERCOOKED MEAT (burgers etc.)

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10
Q

watery diarrhea of long duration

INFANTS

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

A

EnteroPathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

pediatric, poverty, Pinas

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11
Q

persistent watery diarrhea in children and patients infected w/ HIV

A

EnteroAdherent E. coli (EAEC)

AIDS

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12
Q

MCC of community acquired UTI

2nd MCC of neonatal meningitis

A

Escherichia coli

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13
Q

For attachment, colonization factor, associated w/ UTI

A

E. coli

PILI OR FIMBRIAE

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14
Q

Associated w/ PNEUMONIA and NEONATAL meningitis

A

capsule (K)

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15
Q

27/M develops severe abdominal cramping and bloody diarrhea. Patient reports consuming rare hamburger days prior to the onset of the symptoms.
This best describes the toxin-mediated mechanism of this disease process

A

(-) of 60s ribosomal subunit – decreased protein synthesis in GI mucosal cells

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16
Q

2nd MCC of gram (-) sepsis

PINK MUCOID COLONIES

Friedlander’s pneumonia

  • fever, cough (productive), dyspnea
  • thick and bloody sputum - CURRANT JELLY SPUTUM
A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

ALCOHOLICS

BULGING FISSURE SIGN

17
Q

Vibrio cholera is cultured on

A

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts (TCBS) agar

SHOOTING STAR MOTILITY

18
Q

Vibrio cholerae

water,food

A

GASTROENTERITIS

19
Q

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

shellfish, seawater

A

gastroenteritis, wound infection, bacteremia

20
Q

V. vulnificus

shellfish, seawater

A

bacteremia, wound infection, cellulitis

21
Q

Pathogenesis (Cholera)

A

ENTEROTOXIN (CHOLERAGEN)

  • increased ADP ribosylation
  • increased adenylate cyclase activity
  • increased cAMP
  • loss of water and electrolytes
22
Q

MC presentation of cholera

A

ASYMPTOMATIC

23
Q

Watery diarrhea in large volumes (RICE WATER STOOLS)

sunken eyes, dry mouth, cold clammy skin, decreased skin turgor or wrinkled hands and feet (washerwoman hands)

A

Cholera

COMPLICATIONS

  • cardiac and renal failure
  • non gap acidosis
  • hypokalemia
24
Q

Associated w/ H. pylori

A

gastritis
GASTRIC CANCER
gastric/duodenal ulcers

25
Q

Pathogenesis of H. pylori

A

damages GOBLET CELLS of the gastric mucosa

production of large amt of AMMONIA from urea by organisms urease

26
Q

Management of H. pylori

A 
Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin
Metronidazole
Tetracycline
Bismuth compounds
27
Q

MCC of duodenal ulcers and chronic gastritis

2nd leading cause of gastric ulcer

A

Helicobacter pylori

ASSOCIATIONS:
gastric carcinoma
MALT lymphoma

28
Q

Types of PUD

A

TYPE I - body or antrum

TYPE 2 - antrum and duodenum

TYPE 3 - prepyloric

TYPE 4 - cardia

TYPE 5 - associated w/ NSAIDS; anywhere

29
Q

MCC of bacterial gastroenteritis

Causes REACTIVE ARTHRITIS - can’t pee, cant’see, can’t climb a tree

Causes ASCENDING PARALYSIS and GUILLAIN BARRE

A

Campylobacter jejuni

undercooked chicken and meat

30
Q

Antigenic cross-reactivity b/w oligosaccharides in bacterial capsule and glycosphingolipids on surface of neural tissues

A

Guillain Barre syndrome

31
Q

5 As pf Klebsiella

A 
Aspiration pneumonia
Abscess in lungs and liver
Alcoholics
DiAbetics
CurrAnt jelly sputum
32
Q

20 y/o college student
(+) dysuria, frequency and urgency
sexually active

urinalysis: polymorphonuclear cells

A

E. coli

33
Q

55 y/o homeless man
(+) alcoholism
severe multilobar pneumonia

Gram stain : numerous PMN leukocytes
and gram (-) w/ capsule

lactose fermenter
very mucoid

non motile
lysine decarboxylase (+)
A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

34
Q

HIV positive man
developed acute watery diarrhea and abdominal pain w/o fever

3 days later – persistent of symptoms
(+) weight loss

A. enteroinvasive E. coli
B. Salmonella typhi
C. enteropathogenic E. coli
D. Shigella flexneri
E. Enteroaggregative E. coli
A

E. Enteroaggregative E. coli

35
Q

Heat Labile toxin of ETEC acts by

A

activation of adenyl cyclase

Microbiology (106 decks)

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