RNA VIRUS - RHABDOVIRIDAE - Rabies virus

Question 1

BULLET SHAPED

enveloped, helical, non-segmented, (-) ssRNA

Answer 1

Rabies virus

Question 2

Animal reservoirs of rabies

Answer 2

DOGS
CATS
SKUNKS
RACCOONS
BATS

Question 3

Pathogenesis of Rabies

Answer 3

when human is bitten the virus replicates locally at the wound site for a few days then migrates (15-100 mm/day) up to nerve axons to the CNS – RETROGRADE TRANSPORT

Question 4

Incubation period of rabies

Answer 4

2 weeks to 6 years (depending on the site of the bite)

*the only time when vaccination is effective

Question 5

Symptoms of rabies

Answer 5

fever, headache, sore throat, fatigue, nausea

pain/itchiness/paresthesia - 1st RABIES SYMPTOMS

Question 6

Encephalitic/Furious Rabies

Answer 6

Phobic spasms: hydrophobia, aerophobia
Fluctuating consciousness
Autonomic instability

Question 7

Paralytic/Dumb Rabies

Answer 7

Percussion myoedema

Question 8

Follows the acute neurologic period regardless of the presentation

Answer 8

Coma

Question 9

Cytoplasmic round to oval eosinophilic inclusions

Answer 9

NEGRI BODIES

Question 10

Common site of Negri Bodies

Answer 10

pyramidal neurons of the HIPPOCAMPUS

purkinje cells of the CEREBELLUM

Question 11

GOLD STANDARD in the detection of rabies specific antigen

Answer 11

Immunofluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT)

Question 12

CATEGORY I

Answer 12

touching or feeding animals, licks on intact skin

NO TREATMENT

Question 13

CATEGORY II

Answer 13

minor scratches or abrasions w/o bleeding or licks on broken skin and nibbling of uncovered skin

VACCINE

Question 14

CATEGORY III

Answer 14

single or multiple transdermal bites or scratches

contamination of mucous membranes w/ saliva from licks

exposure to bat bites/scratches

all category II exposures on head and neck

VACCINE + Immunoglobulin