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Microbiology > NON-LACTOSE FERMENTING GRAM NEGATIVE RODS > Flashcards

NON-LACTOSE FERMENTING GRAM NEGATIVE RODS Flashcards

1
Q

motile
OXIDASE (-)
H2S producer

A

Salmonella spp

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2
Q

nonmotile
OXIDASE (-)
H2S non producer

A

Shigella spp

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3
Q

swarming
OXIDASE (-)
H2S producer
UREASE

A

Proteus mirabilis

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4
Q

H2S non producer
OXIDASE (+)
obligate aerobe

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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5
Q

ENTEROCOLITIS

-invasion of the epithelial and subepithelial tissue of the small and large intestines

A

S. enteritidis/S. typhimurium

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6
Q

TYPHOID FEVER
-d.t. Vi (virulence) capsular antigen

  • organisms enter, multiply in the PEYER PATCHES and spread in reticuloendothelial system
  • predilection for invasion of the GALLBLADDER – chronic carrier state
  • FEVER and BRADYCARDIA (pulse fever disproportion)
  • ROSE SPOTS
A

S. typhi

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7
Q

Septicemia

  • bacteremia results in the seeding of many organs
  • MC sequelae - osteomyelitis, pneumonia and meningitis
A

S. choleraesuis

-commonly in patients w/ SICKLE CELL ANEMIA or cancer

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8
Q

incubation period - 12-48 hrs

nausea and vomiting – abdominal pain and nonbloody diarrhea

A

Enterocolitis

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9
Q 
Culture Source (Typhoid Fever) - WEEK 1
*stepwise fever, anorexia, malaise, relative bradycardia and bacteremia
A

BLOOD

bone marrow

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10
Q

Culture Source (Typhoid Fever) - WEEK 2

*abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, ROSE SPOTS, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice

A

URINE
rose spots
bone marrow

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11
Q

Culture Source (Typhoid Fever) - WEEK 3

  • bleeding ileitis - ulceration in hyperplastic follicles
  • pneumonia
A

STOOL

bone marrow

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12
Q

Culture Source (Typhoid Fever) - WEEK 4

*recovery or death

A

bone marrow

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13
Q

POST - chronic carrier state

A

BILE
stool
bone marrow

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14
Q

Treatment for Uncomplicated Typhoid Fever

A

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

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15
Q

Treatment for Complicated Typhoid Fever

A

Ceftriaxone

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16
Q

8 y/o African male with sickle cell anemia develops osteomyelitis. Which is the most likely etiology

A

Salmonella

HEALTHY - Staphylococcus aureus

17
Q

Osteomyelitis in a specific conditions

A

BURNS - Pseudomonas aeruginosa

IV DRUG ABUSERS - Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA - Salmonella choleraesuis

18
Q

Species and strains of Shigella

A

Shigella sonnei - Duval’s bacillus
*MCC OF BACILLARY DYSENTERY

Shigella dysenteriae type I - Shiga bacillus

  • MOST SEVERE FORM OF BACILLARY DYSENTERY
  • MCC of EPIDEMIC DYSENTERY
19
Q

Common cause of UTI and nosocomial infections

can cause STAGHORN CALCULI

A

Proteus mirabilis

20
Q

Proteus mirabilis pathogenesis

A

UREASE hydrolyzes the urea to form AMMONIA

  • raise pH – ALKALINE URINE
  • encourage the formation of STRUVITE stones - MAGNESIUM AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
21
Q

SWEET GRAPE LIKE ODOR

has FLUROSCEIN and PYOCYANIN and PYOVERDIN

grown on CETRIMIDE AGAR

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

22
Q

MCC of otitis externa

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

23
Q

VAP

Necrotizing pneumonia

fleur de lis pattern

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

24
Q

3rd MCC of nosocomial UTI

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

25
Q

Predominant anaerobe of the human colon

ABDOMINAL ABSCESS PERITONITIS

PERICARDITIS ENDOCARDITIS
CEREBRAL ABSCESS

A

Bacteroides fragilis

26
Q

37 y/o woman
hx of UTI
(+) burning on urination + frequency and urgency
urine - smells like ammonia

A

Proteus mirabilis

27
Q 
27 y/o woman
fever, anorexia, headache, weakness
diarrheal illness - 36 hrs
temp - 39 C
HR - 68 bpm
BP - 120/80
RR - 18

(+) rose spots

A

Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Typhi (Salmonella typhi)

O ANTIGEN 139 (O139)

28
Q

18 y/o student
(+) abdominal cramps and diarrhea

MacConkey agar - gram (-) rods

Triple Sugar Iron Agar - screen isolates for salmonellae and shigellae

A result suggesting one of these pathogens would be

A. production of urease
B. motility in the medium
C. inability to ferment lactose and sucrose
D. fermentation of glucose

A

C. inability to ferment lactose and sucrose

29
Q

43 y/o man
(+) diabetis, (+) non healing wound

Culture: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides fragilis, gram (-) bacillus that SWARMS across the blood plate agar covering the entire surface of the agar after 36 hrs.

The gram (-) is a member of the genus

A

Proteus

30
Q

The MC pathogen isolated from patients who have been HOSPITALIZED > 1 week.

A frequent cause of nosocomial infections

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

31
Q

PSEUDOMONAS

A 
Pneumonia, pyocyanin
Sepsis
Ecthyma gangrenosum
UTIs
Diabetes
Osteomyelitis
Mucoid Polysaccharide capsule
Otitis externa
Nosocomial infections
Exotoxin A
Skin infections
32
Q

A sputum culture of a patient w/ cystic fibrosis grows Pseudomonas aeruginosa that form very mucoid colonies

The implication of this observation is

A

P. aeruginosa have formed a biofilm in the patient’s airway

33
Q

The mechanism of action of exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

block the elongation factor 2 (EF 2)

34
Q

Long term carriage and shedding is most likely to occur after GIT infection w/ which of the ff species?

A. E. coli
B. Shigella dysenteriae
C. Vibrio cholerae
D. Campylobacter jejuni
E. Salmonella typhi
A

E. Salmonella typhi

35
Q

63 y/o, visited oyster restaurant and ate 2 dozen oysters
2 days later - abrupt onset of chills, fever and light headedness

(+) erythematous skin lesions – hemorrhagic bullae – ulcers

A

Vibrio vulnificus

36
Q

Bacteremia associated w/ GIT infection

A

Campylobacter jejuni

Microbiology (106 decks)

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