The Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:

an inverted “tear-drop” shaped space immediately posterior to the ___

contains the third part of the ___ artery, the ___ nerve, & the ___ ganglion

A

maxilla

maxillary artery
maxillary nerve
pterygopalatine ganglion

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2
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:

primary significance: many communications w/ ___

b/c of its strategic location, it’s a major site of distribution for the ___ nerve & the terminal 3rd segment of the ___ artery

A

other areas of the head

maxillary nerve
maxillary artery

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3
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
boundaries:

anterior wall: posterior surface of the ___
posterior wall: ___ process of the ___ bone
medial wall: ___ plate of the ___ bone
lateral wall: ___ fissure
roof: greater wing of the ___
floor: ___ process of the ___ bone

A
posteiror surface of the maxilla
pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone
perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
pterygomaxillary fissure
greater wing of the sphenoid
pyramidal process of the palatine bone
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4
Q

communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
laterally:

w/ the ___ fossa via the ___ fissure

transmits: 3rd part of the ___ artery

A

infratemporal fossa
pterygomaxillary fissure

maxillary artery

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5
Q

communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
medially:

w/ the ___ cavity via the ___ foramen

transmits: ___ vessels, ___ nerves, ___ nerve

A

nasal cavity
sphenopalatine foramen

sphenopalatine vessels
upper posterior nasal nerves
nasopalatine nerve

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6
Q

communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
anteriorly:

w/ the ___ via the ___ fissure

transmits: ___ nerve & vessels, ___ nerve, ___ nerves

A

orbit
inferior orbital fissure

infraorbital nerve & vessels
zygomatic nerve
orbital nerves

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7
Q

communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
posteriorly:

w/ the ___ fossa via the ___

transmits: ___ nerve

A

middle cranial fossa
foramen rotundum

maxillary nerve

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8
Q

communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
posteriorly:

w/ the ___ fossa via the ___ canal

transmits: ___ nerve

A

middle cranial fossa
pterygoid canal

nerve of the pterygoid canal

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9
Q

communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
posteriorly:

w/ the ___ via the ___ canal

transmits: ___ nerve & vessels

A

pharynx
palatovagainal canal

pharyngeal nerve & vessels

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10
Q

communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
inferiorly:

w/ the ___ cavity via the ___ canal

transmits: ___ nerve & vessels

A

oral cavity
greater/lesser palatine canal

greater/lesser palatine nerve

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11
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:

(general/special) (sensory/motor) fibers

enter the lateral wall of the ___ sinus

pass through the ___ to enter the pterygopalatine fossa

A

general sensory fibers

cavernous sinus

foramen rotundum

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12
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:

within the pterygopalatine fossa, it’s connected to the ___ ganglion & ___ nerve for exchange of fibers

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

nerve of the pterygoid canal

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13
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
exchange of fibers:

pterygopalatine ganglion:
- (pre/postgang) (symp/parasmp) neurons

nerve of the pterygoid canal:

  • ___ nerve (taste & preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the facial nerve)
  • ___ nerve (postganglionic sympathetic fibers form the internal carotid plexus)
A

postganglionic parasympathetic neurons

greater petrosal nerve
deep petrosal nerve

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14
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:

after passing through the pterygopalatine fossa, proceeds through the ___ fissure to the floor of the ___ & becomes the ___ nerve

passes along the ___ groove, canal, & foramen & finally emerges on the ___

A

inferior orbital fissure
orbit
infraorbital nerve

infraorbital
face

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15
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:

(pre/postgang) (symp/parasymp) fibers, arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion, join many (general/special) (sensory/motor) branches of the maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine ganglion

the sympathetic fibers of the ___ nerve join all branches of the maxillary nerve

A

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
general sensory

deep petrosal nerve

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16
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
branches (7)

A
orbital branches
greater & lesser palatine nerves
upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves
pharyngeal nerve
zygomatic nerve
posterior superior alveolar nerve
infraorbital nerve
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17
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
orbital branches:

small branches passing through the ___ fissure & contribute to the supply of the ___ wall

contribute to the supply of the ___, ___, & ___

A

inferior orbital fissure
orbital wall

ehtmoidal, sphenoidal, & frontal air sinuses

18
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
orbital branches:

three fiber types (3)

A

general sensory fibers from V2

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve

19
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:

descend through the ___ canals & emerge through the ___ foramina to reach the ___ of the mouth

A

palatine canals
greater & lesser palatine foramina
hard & soft palates

20
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:

four fiber types (4)

A

general sensory fibers from V2

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion

taste fibers from the greater petrosal branch of the facial nerve for taste buds in the roof of the mouth (cells of origin of the taste fibers are in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve)

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve

21
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:

the greater palatine nerve passes forward on the roof of the ___ cavity to innervate mucosa & glands of the ___ & adjacent ___, almost as far forward as the ___ teeth

A

oralc avity
hard palate
gingiva
incisor teeth

22
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:

the lesser palatine nerve supplies the mucosa of the ___

within the palatine canal, the greater palatine nerve gives rise to the ___ nerves

A

soft palate

lower posterior nasal nerves

23
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves:

pass into the ___ cavity through the ___ foramen

posterior nasal branches supply the posterior part of the ___ & posterior walls of the ___

A

nasal cavity
sphenopalatine foramen

nasal septum
nasal cavity

24
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves:

the nasopalatine nerve proceeds antero-inferiorly through the ___ (supplying it) & enters the moutht through the ___ foramen behind the upper ___ teeth to supply the mucosa, gingiva, & glands adjacent to the ___ teeth

A

nasal septum
incisive foramen
upper incisor teeth
incisor teeth

25
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves:

fiber types (3)

A

general sensory fibers from V2

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve

26
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
pharyngeal nerve:

passes posteriorly from the ___ ganglion & leaves the fossa throught he ___ canal w/ the ___ vessels

supplies the mucosa & glands of the ___

A

pterygopalatine ganglion
palatovaginal canal
pharyngeal vessels

nasopharynx

27
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
pharyngeal nerve:

fiber types (3)

A

general sensory fibers from V2

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve

28
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
zygomatic nerve:

arises from the maxillary nerve within the ___ fossa

it passes into the ___ & splits into ___ & ___ branches which are sensory to the ___ & ___ regions of the face

A

pterygopalatine fossa

orbit
zygomaticofacial & zygomaticotemporal branches
zygomatic & temporal regions

29
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
zygomatic nerve:

also receives (pre/postgang) (symp/parasymp) fibers from the ___ ganglion, which it hadns over to the ___ nerve

A

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
pterygopalatine ganglion
lacrimal nerve of V1

30
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
posterior superior alveolar nerve:

arises from the main trunk of the ___ nerve while in the ___ fossa

supplies the mucous membrane of the ___ sinuses & ___ teeth

A

maxillary nerve
pterygopalatine fossa

maxillary sinuses
upper molar teeth

31
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:

the anterior continuation of the ___ nerve as it enters the ___ fissure

while in the ___ groove & canal, it gives rise to the ___ & ___ nerves

A

maxillary nerve
inferior orbital fissure

infraorbital groove & canal
middle & anterior superior alveolar nerves

32
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
middle superior alveolar nerve:

supplies the ___ sinuses & the ___ teeth

A

maxillary air sinuses

upper premolar teeth

33
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
anterior superior alveolar nerve:

supplies the ___ sinuses & ___ teeth

also small branches of this nerve enter the ___ cavity & supply its floor, the ___ meatus & adjacent ___membrane

A

maxillary air sinuses
upper three anterior teeth

nasal cavity
inferior meatus
mucous membrane

34
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:

the posterior, middle, & anterior superior ___ nerves intermingle forming a ___ plexus before innervating the ___ teeth

A

alveolar nerves
dental plexus
upper teeth

35
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:

fiber types of the superior alveolar nerves (3)

A

general sensory fibers from V2

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve

36
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:

supplies:

  • lower ___
  • side of the ___
  • upper ___
  • front of the ___
  • nasal ___
A
lower eyelid
side of the nose
upper lip
front of the cheek
nasal vestibule
37
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:

fiber types (2)

A

general sensory from V2

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve

38
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary artery:

the (smaller/larger) terminal branch of the ___ artery arising behind the ___

the passes through the ___ fissure from the ___ fossa into the ___ fossa where it terminates as the (1st/2nd/3rd) part of the ___ artery

A

larger
external carotid artery
neck of the mandible

pterygomaxillary fissure
infratemporal fossa
pterygopalatine fossa
3rd part of the maxillary artery

39
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary artery:

the 3rd part of the maxillary artery gives rise to branches which accompany branches of the ___ nerve

the ___ artery to the ___ cavity is the terminal branch of the maxillary artery

A

maxillary nerve

sphenopalatine artery
nasal cavity

40
Q

pterygopalatine fossa:
veins of the pterygopalatine fossa:

veins that drain areas supplied by branches of the terminal part of the ___ artery generally travel along these branches back into the ___ fossa

the veins drain into the ___ plexus in the ___ fossa

A

maxillary artery
pterygopalatine fossa

pterygoid venous plexus
infratemporal fossa