Lab 6 – Bone and cartilage histology and the skeleton Flashcards
bone components and what they do
collagen fibers –provide tensile strength
calcium phosphate – provides compressional strength
skeleton plays at least ___ roles
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6 roles that the skeleton plays
support
protection
movement
electrolyte balance
acid-base balance
blood formation
bones can be divided on the basis of their ___
5 shape types are
shape
long
short
flat
irregular
round/sesamoid
bone structure:
long
longer than they are wide
act as levers
ex. humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpals
bone structure:
short
about equal in length and width (like a cube)
function to transfer forces
ex. bones of wrist and ankle
bone structure:
flat
broad and thin
allow for attachment of muscle and protect underlying tissue
ex. bones of skull, ribs, scapulae
bone structure:
irregular
wide variety of shapes
often have projections that serve as attachment sites for muscle
ex. vertebrae
bone structure:
round/sesamoid
often round in shape
occur w/ tendons at joints that endure a lot of pressure
ex. some bones of wrist and patella (kneecap)
axial skeleton
bones that support and protect organs of the head, neck and trunk
appendicular skeleton
bones of limbs and pectoral and pelvic girdles
osteoblasts (function)
bone growth
produce and secrete bone matrix
can mature into osteocytes
osteocytes (function)
maintains bone matrix
mature osteoblasts
sense and communicates any stress on the bone to the osteoblasts and osteoclasts
osteoclasts (function)
breaks down bone tissue
process is called resorption
there are ___ types of cartilage w/in body
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