11.6 – Muscle Metabolism

Question 1

in muscle, what does the source of ATP depend upon?

Answer 1

the duration of exercise

Question 2

the total supply of ATP and creatine phosphate in a muscle is enough power contraction for about ___

Answer 2

1 minute

Question 3

the glycogen-lactic acid system relies on which form of metabolism?

Answer 3

anaerobic

Question 4

aerobic respiration utilizes what 2 molecules as fuel to generate ATP?

Answer 4

fatty acids

glucose

Question 5

lactic acid and a small amount of ATP are produced during which process?

Answer 5

anaerobic fermentation

Question 6

which process produces the most ATP?

Answer 6

aerobic respiration

Question 7

T or F:
aerobic respiration is important for producing energy for long term energy needs

Answer 7

true

(by making ATP aerobically, fatigue is delayed, so long-term activity can continue)

Question 8

T or F:

the duration of exercise determines which muscle mechanism supplies ATP

Answer 8

true

Question 9

the progressive weakness and loss of contractility that results from prolonged use of the muscles is known as muscle ___

Answer 9

fatigue

Question 10

the energy needed for short bursts of intense activity is provided by what?

Answer 10

creatine phosphate

ATP

Question 11

w/ long-duration exercise, when does fatigue occur?

Answer 11

when glycogen and glucose are depleted

Question 12

they glycogen-lactic acid system utilizes what molecule(s) as fuel to generate ATP?

Answer 12

glucose

Question 13

when do muscles transition to anaerobic fermentation to generate ATP by glycolysis?

Answer 13

after the phosphagen system is exhausted

Question 14

what function does increased oxygen consumption after exercise serve?

Answer 14

to allow the conversion of lactic acid to pyruvate and glucose by the liver

Question 15

which provides long term energy for a cell?

Answer 15

aerobic respiration

Question 16

slow-twitch fibers are also known as ___ fibers

Answer 16

red

Question 17

in high-intensity short-duration exercise, what does muscle fatigue result from?

Answer 17

increased potassium

Question 18

which fibers are adapted for a quick response?

Answer 18

fast glycolytic

Question 19

which statements about lactic acid in muscle fibers is true?

Answer 19

lactic acid does not build up in muscle fibers so it does not cause muscle fatigue

Question 20

the glycogen-lactic acid system relies on which form of metabolism?

Answer 20

anaerobic

Question 21

the thighs of a chicken are composed most of ___ fibers

Answer 21

slow-oxidative

Question 22

why does increased oxygen consumption continue after exercise?

Answer 22

to replace the oxygen bound to myoglobin and hemoglobin

Question 23

fatigue resistance is improved by ___ exercise which enhances the delivery and use of oxygen

Answer 23

endurance

Question 24

fibers that are well adapted to aerobic respiration are called ___-twitch fibers

Answer 24

slow

Question 25

which types of muscle tissue are considered involuntary?

Answer 25

cardiac and smooth

Question 26

which fibers contain a fast-acting ATPase and phosphagen enzymes?

Answer 26

fast-twitch

Question 27

which 3 situations lead to fatigue in long-duration exercise?

Answer 27

central fatigue
electrolyte loss
fuel depletion

Question 28

resistance exercise causes muscle growth by stimulating which of the following?

Answer 28

an increase in myofibril size