11.5 – Behavior of whole muscles

Question 1

which can be measured by attaching stimulating electrodes to a nerve-muscle preparation and a recording device?

Answer 1

muscle strength

Question 2

the minimum voltage necessary to generate an action potential is called the ___

Answer 2

threshold

Question 3

what type of tension develops during the latent period of muscle contraction?

Answer 3

internal tension

Question 4

on a myogram, how does the relaxation phase compare to the contraction phase?

Answer 4

the relaxation phase is longer

Question 5

a record of the timing and strength of a muscle’s contraction is called a(n) ___

Answer 5

myogram

Question 6

stimulus frequency affects the sarcoplasmic concentration of which of the following?

Answer 6

calcium

Question 7

what is threshold, as applied to muscle physiology?

Answer 7

the minimum voltage necessary to generate an action potential

Question 8

T or F:
cool muscles contract more strongly than warm ones

Answer 8

F
warm muscles contract more strongly

Question 9

what does the latent period on a my-gram indicate?

Answer 9

the time period b/n the stimulus and the twitch

Question 10

at a constant stimulus voltage, how can one increase the twitch strength?

Answer 10

use a higher frequency of stimulation

Question 11

which occurs during the relaxation phase of a myogram?

Answer 11

muscle tension declines

Question 12

T or F:
recruitment occurs when more nerve fibers excite more motor units

Answer 12

true

recruitment occurs when more nerve fibers excite more motor units

Question 13

which can be measured by attaching stimulating electrodes to a nerve-muscle preparation and a recording device?

Answer 13

muscle strength

Question 14

which affect twitch strength?

Answer 14

how stretched the muscle was just before it was stimulated

muscle fatigue

temp of the muscle

stimulation frequency

Question 15

what temp would result in a stronger twitch?

Answer 15

warmer temps

Question 16

what produces incomplete tetanus?

Answer 16

temporal summation

Question 17

how would high frequency stimuli at a constant voltage affect twitch strength?

Answer 17

it would increase

(high frequency stimulation produces stronger twitches than low-frequency stimulation)

Question 18

what is it called when stimulus strength increases, increasing the number of motor neurons excited which, in turn, increases the number of motor units firing?

Answer 18

multiple motor unit summation

Question 19

in which condition are stimuli so frequent that the muscle cannot relax, and the muscle twitches fuse into a smooth prolonged contraction?

Answer 19

tetanus

Question 20

a record of the timing and strength of a muscle’s contraction is called a(n) ___

Answer 20

myogram

Question 21

which type of contraction maintains joint stability and posture?

Answer 21

isometric

Question 22

stimulus frequency affects the sarcoplasmic concentration of which of the following?

Answer 22

calcium

Question 23

in what type of contraction does the internal tension build until it overcomes resistance and the muscle moves the load?

Answer 23

isotonic

Question 24

temporal summation leads to a state of fluttering contraction known as what?

Answer 24

incomplete tetanus

Question 25

at a constant stimulus voltage, how can one increase the twitch strength?

Answer 25

use a higher frequency of stimulation

Question 26

which is not naturally seen in the muscles of the body?

Answer 26

complete tetanus

Question 27

when lifting something heavy, which type of contraction occurs first?

Answer 27

isometric

Question 28

isometric contraction is…

Answer 28

contraction w/o a change in length

Question 29

isotonic contraction is…

Answer 29

contraction w/ a change in length but no change in tension

Question 30

a muscle shortens as it maintains tension in a what type of contraction?

Answer 30

concentric

Question 31

what produces incomplete tetanus?

Answer 31

temporal summation

Question 32

in which condition are stimuli so frequent that the muscle twitches fuse into a smooth prolonged contraction?

Answer 32

tetanus