Chapter 1 - The Evolution of Psychology Flashcards
what is psychology?
the scientific study of behaviour and the mind.
what are the two types of psychology? describe them
- behaviour: observable actions and responses
- mind: internal states and processes (not directly observable)
who were the Greek philosophers who founded the drive to understand the human psyche?
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
the Greek philosophers Socrates, Plato, Aristotle all debated ________ vs. ________
nativism vs. empiricism
the concepts, mental capacities, and mental structures are innate rather than by acquired learning is:
nativism
the idea that all learning comes only from experiences and observation is:
empiricism
who came up with the concept of mind-body dualism?
Rene Descartes
the belief that the soul and the body are separate is:
mind-body dualism
the belief that the mind, and body are one is:
monism
true or false: under monism, the mind can be studied by measuring physical processes
true
who is Wilhem Wundt?
the father of psychology
Wundt and Titchener came up with the concept of ____________ which studies the mind in terms of its basic elements
structuralism
what does “introspection” mean? where is it used?
to “look within”, used in structuralism
William James came up with ___________ which studies the purpose of consciousness
functionalism
true or false: functionalism arose independently of structuralism
false
which two areas of psychology did functionalism give way to?
cognitive and evolutionary psychology