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Clinical Pathology > RBC's > Flashcards

RBC's Flashcards

1
Q

Erythron

A

All erythroid cells including mature in the blood and immature in the blood marrow

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2
Q

sHct

A

Spun hematocrit or PCV. Percentage of blood volume occupied by erythrocytes

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3
Q

Hgb

A

Blood hemoglobin concentration. RBC are lysed and a reagent is added that binds to the released hemoglobin and the amount of color is used to calculate the concentration

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4
Q

RBC concentration

A

Measures the number of RBC within a certain volume of blood. Blood gets diluted and will then count the number within a defined volume to find concentrations

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5
Q

MCV

A

Mean cell volume. Tells us the average volume but not the distribution of sizes. Measured

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6
Q

MCHC

A

Mean cell Hgb concentration per RBC. Calculated

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7
Q

High MCV

A

Macrocytic

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8
Q

Normal MCV

A

Normocytic

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9
Q

Low MCV

A

Microcytic

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10
Q

RDW

A

Measures the degree of variation in RBC. Detects anisocytosis (variability in RBC size)

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11
Q

Low MCHC

A

Hypochromic

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12
Q

Normal MCHC

A

Normochromic

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13
Q

High MCHC

A

Hyperchromic. This should not happen. Analyzer assumes that the Hgb is all intracellular but if for some reason there is Hgb outside of the cell can give abnormal high MCHC

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14
Q

Causes for increased MCHC

A

-Hemolysis
-Administration of oxyglobin
-Lipemia (interfering substances)

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15
Q

MCH

A

Average amount of Hgb (not concentration) per RBC. Don’t generally used to classify anemia. Uses Hgb concentration and RBC concentrations instead of hematocrit. Calculated

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16
Q

cHct

A

Calculated Hematocrit. Same as spun but it is calculated (MCV x RBC count)/10. Should be within 3% of the sHct

17
Q

Normal RBC shape

A

Round, bi-concave shape with central pallor (if really small cell might not see). Birds and camelids have more epsilonic shape

18
Q

Polychromasia

A

Young anucleated RBC that are released early usually larger and more blue/purple than normal RBC. May help determine if regenerative or nonregenerative anemia (except in horses, they don’t release polychromatophilic cells during anemia)

19
Q

Rubricytosis

A

Increase in nucleated RBC. Can be from regenerative anemia (appropriate) or non regenerative anemia or without anemia (not appropriate)

20
Q

Spherocyte

A

Normal volume but looks smaller on the slide. They have lost an amount of membrane often hyperchromasia. Often sign of IMHA

21
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

Variation in shape, significance depends on type of

22
Q

Echinocyte (crenation)

A

Often regularly spaced projections. Often an artifact of cell dehydration, but can be envenomation and other diseases

23
Q

Acanthocytes

A

Irregularly spaced projections. From altered lipid metabolism can be from liver disease, or hemangiosarcoma

24
Q

Shistocytes

A

Fragments of RBC, gets clipped off by a fibrin strand. See from microangiopathic diseases (DIC, hemangiosarcoma, glomerulonephritis, myelofibrosis)

25
Q

Keratocytes

A

Looks like a blister in the cell, there can still be a membrane or it can break. Not diagnostic of anything because seen in many disorders

26
Q

Codocyte (targe cell)

A

Excess membrane relative to Hgb and get a central focus of Hgb surrounded by ring of pallor. Not diagnostic of anything, seen frequently

27
Q

Heinz bodies

A

Indicate oxidative damage, large membrane bound aggregate of denatured hemoglobin

28
Q

Eccentrocytes

A

Fused unstained crescent shaped region of membrane and shift of hemoglobin to opposite side. Hallmark of severe oxidative damage to the membrane

29
Q

Pyknocytes

A

Not spherocyte, loss of fused membrane portion of eccentrocyte. Will have raggedy edges

30
Q

Basophilic stippling

A

Ribosomal RNA not degraded. Looks like purple speckles. Sign of regenerative anemia (lead poisoning)

31
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

Nuclear remnant will see a purple dot in the cell. May see in low numbers in health but can be sign of regenerative anemia

32
Q

Rouleaux

A

Like a stack of coins see a grouping of RBC that are attracted to each other not attached. may be a sign of inflammation (except horses it is normal) They lack the ability to repel each other

33
Q

Testing for Rouleaux

A

Add saline and they should separate

34
Q

Agglutination

A

Clump of cells that are attached with antibodies and is used to diagnose IMHA. (IgG is a looser clump than IgM)

35
Q

Testing for agglutination

A

If you add saline they will not disperse

Clinical Pathology (70 decks)

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