Metabolic alkalosis

Question 1

Requires what

Answer 1

Initiation and maintenance phase

Question 2

Small animal causes

Answer 2

Vomiting of fluids high in H+ and Cl
Loop diuretics
Mineralcorticoid excess

Question 3

Large animal causes

Answer 3

Sequestration of fluids high in H and CL
Displaced abomasum in ruminants
Displaced stomach
Increased sweating (severe)

Question 4

Results from

Answer 4

A linked loss of H and a retained HCO3

Question 5

Initiation phase

Answer 5

If H and Cl are not getting recycled in the intestines the H is not absorbed and Cl is lost but the carbonic anhydrase is still making bicarb and further decreases the Cl

Question 6

Electrolyte changes

Answer 6

-Cl deficit
-K deficit
-Some Na loss
-Increased HCO3
-Normal anion gap
-Significant water loss
-Decreased effective circulating volume

Question 7

Maintenance phase

Answer 7

Paradoxic aciduria:
Decreased fluid volume due to fluid retention in abomasum-> aldosterone will then be activated and Na is resorbed-> cation secretion (K) and that gets depleted and then H+ gets secreted instead furthering the alkalosis

Question 8

Compensation

Answer 8

-Respiratory response: hypoventilation with increased PCO2

Question 9

Findings

Answer 9

Increased pH
Decreased H
Increased HCO3
Compensatory increased PCO2