12d- NSAID Drugs

Question 1

What do prostaglandins do?

Answer 1

Amplify pain signals

Question 2

What do prostaglandins do when local tissue injury occurs?

Answer 2

Make it easier for nociceptors to become depolarized.
- This allows for more pain signals to travel to the brain.

Question 3

How are prostaglandins produced?

Answer 3

Via coclooxygenase pathway

Question 4

What are 2 enzymes responsible for creating prostaglandins?

Answer 4

1. Cyclooxygenase 1
2. Cyclooxygenase 2

Question 5

How do NSAIDs function?

Non Steriodal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Answer 5

By selectively or non-selectively inhibiting COX-1 and/or COX-2 enzymes

Question 6

COX-1 Inhibition

Describe COX-1 Inhibition (4)

Answer 6

1. It is the housekeeping enzyme
2. Always present + Helps normal cell functions
3. Produces Prostaglandins that protect vs gastric mucosa
4. Produce thromboxane A2 (used in platelets)

Question 7

COX-2 Inhibition

Describe COX-2 Inhibition (4)

Answer 7

1. Only present in relative amounts during inflammation
2. Recruits other cells to area of inflammation
3. Sensitizes nociceptors
4. Influences temp + regulation in hypothalamus

Question 8

What are 3 NSAID Drugs?

Answer 8

1. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
2. Advil (Ibuprofen)
3. Tylenol (Acetaminophen)

Question 9

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

What is it?

Answer 9

A non-selective irreversible COX enzyme inhibitor

Question 10

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

What effects does it have?

Answer 10

1. Anti-Inflammatory Effects
2. Anti-pyrogenic (fever) effects
3. Analgesic effects
4. Anti-platelet effects

Question 11

Advil (Ibuprofen)

What is it?

Answer 11

A non-selective, REVERSIBLE COX enzyme inhibitor

Question 12

Advil (Ibuprofen)

What effects does it have?

Answer 12

1. Anti-Inflammatory effects (greater vs aspirin)
2. Anti-pyrogenic effects
3. Analgesic effects
4. Anti-platelet effects

Question 13

Tylenol (Ametaminophen)

What does it do?

Answer 13

• Inhibits COX enzymes
• Works more through COX-3 Enzyme

Question 14

Tylenol (Acetaminophen)

What effects does it have?

Answer 14

1. Analgesic Effects
2. Anti-pyrogenic effects
3. Few anti-inflammatory effects

Question 15

Tylenol (Acetaminophen)

What can happen if too much is taken?

Answer 15

Irriversable liver damage
- Must be treated ASAP otherwise liver failure + need for transplant

Question 16

Tylenol (Acetaminophen)

Break down what happens if too much is taken

Answer 16

Too much taken –> Inactivating Agent Rapidly Depleted –> Liver Damage starts

Question 17

Tylenol (Acetaminophen)

What can you do to prevent liver damage due to Tylenol OD?

Answer 17

Give N-Acetyl-Cystine

Question 18

What does Mucomyst do?

Answer 18

Binds directly to toxic metabolites and inactivates them.