13 DISEASES

Question 1

a bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae that leads to inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord

Answer 1

Pneumococcal meningitis

Question 2

a gram-positive bacterium commonly found in the respiratory tract

Answer 2

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 3

most commonly used antibiotics for Pneumococcal meningitis

Answer 3

Ceftriaxone

Question 4

What are the common signs and symptoms of pneumococcal meningitis?

a) Abdominal pain and diarrhea
b) Muscle weakness and fatigue
c) Sudden onset fever, severe headache, and stiff neck
d) Visual disturbances and hearing loss

Answer 4

C Sudden onset fever, severe headache, and stiff neck

Question 5

also known as varicella, is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus

Answer 5

Chickenpox

Question 6

VZV virus Incubation Period takes _____ for symptoms to appear.

Answer 6

10-21 days

Question 7

The varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which causes chickenpox’s portal of entry is

Answer 7

the respiratory tract

Question 8

test can be used to detect the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in samples taken from the rash or respiratory secretions.

Answer 8

polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test

Question 9

What is the primary target of the varicella-zoster virus in the body?

Answer 9

Liver

Question 10

Which virus causes chickenpox?

Answer 10

Influenza virus

Question 11

Invade the keratinized part of the skin, hair, and nail (humans), wool, horn, hoof and feathers (animals)

Answer 11

DERMATOPHYTES

Question 12

characteristic of dermatophytes

Answer 12

Microsporum - spindle

Trichophyton - pencil

Epidermophytum - club

Arthroconidia - habitant in body

Geophilic - habitant in soil

Zoophilic - habitant in animals

Question 13

a bacterium that is a Microsporum and a Trichophyton

Answer 13

DERMATOPHYTES

Question 14

severe illness that results from toxins which attack nerves making people have problems breathing or even lead to muscle weakness or death,

Answer 14

Botulism

Question 15

Botulism is attributed to what bacterium

Answer 15

clostridium botulinum
clostridium butyricum clostridium baratii

Question 16

various classifications of botulism

Answer 16

foodborne botulism,
infant botulism
wound botulism
inhalation botulism

Question 17

The action of Botulinum toxin is largely on what part of the body or system?

Answer 17

nervous system and
peripheral nervous system.

Question 18

when a botulinum toxin is being ingested inhaled or absorbed into the body, it gets carried by
blood to what?

Answer 18

nerve endings where it inhibits release of acetylcholine;

Question 19

Signs and Symptoms
of Botulism

Answer 19

Muscle Weakness
Blurry Vision
Dry Mouth and Difficulty
Swallowing

Question 20

Laboratory Test
for Botulism

Answer 20

in clinical samples, such as
serum, stool, or food.

Question 21

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the

Answer 21

Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Question 22

A Slow-growing Aerobic
Non-motile bacterium with a waxy cell wall

Acid-fast, meaning it resists decolorization by acidified organic solvents during staining procedures

Answer 22

Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Question 23

the primary target organ for tuberculosis infection

Answer 23

lungs

Question 24

LABORATORY TEST FOR TB

Answer 24

Tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test)

Chest X-ray

Question 25

a fever characterized by systemic illness w abdominal pain and fever

Answer 25

typhoid fever

Question 26

bacterium of typhoid fever

Answer 26

Salmonella enterica Typhi (s.tYPHI

Question 27

CHARAC OF S.TYPHI

Answer 27

negative bacillus facultative anaerobe flagellated

Question 28

virulence factors of s.typhi

Answer 28

Lipopolysacch Vi capsule Enterotoxin cytotoxin

Question 29

POE of S.Typhi

Answer 29

Fecal route Ingestion (through water, food GI tract (where it attach and evade

Question 30

A symptom of dysentery, splenomegaly, abdominal distention , shock may indicate

Answer 30

Typhoid fever

Question 31

decreased level of consciousnes

Answer 31

Obtundation

Question 32

Intervention for typhoid fever

Answer 32

Vaccine ANtibiotic therapy

Question 33

Mode of transmission for Typhoid fever

Answer 33

Flies Fingers Fomites Feces

Question 34

also known as lockjaw

Answer 34

Tetanus

Question 35

Tetanus id caused by what bacterium

Answer 35

Clostridium tetani

Question 36

Tetanus affects what system leading to muscle stiffness, spasms, and potentially life-threatening complications.

Answer 36

nervous system

Question 37

a spore-forming bacterium commonly found in soil, dust, and animal feces

Answer 37

Clostridium tetani

Question 38

Clostridium tetani produce toxins called

Answer 38

tetanospasmin tetanolysin

Question 39

The tetanus bacteria enter the body through breaks in the

Answer 39

skin, such as cuts, puncture wounds, or burns

Question 40

include jaw stiffness (lockjaw), muscle stiffness and spasms, difficulty swallowing, fever, sweating, rapid heartbeat, what condition is this

Answer 40

Tetanus

Question 41

The tetanus bacteria do not exit the body in the same way that they enter. Instead, tetanus bacteria remain localized (TRUE/FALSE)

Answer 41

true

Question 42

a protozoal infection of the intestinal tract that occurs due to ingestion of foods or water contaminated with cysts of Entameba Histolytica

Answer 42

Amoebiasis

Question 43

a single-celled parasite (protozoan) that lives in the human intestine.

Answer 43

amoebiasis

Question 44

ntamoeba histolytica has two stages:

Answer 44

Cyst Trophozoite

Question 45

Main Target of ameobiasis__ also known as the large intestine

Answer 45

colon

Question 46

used to directly visualize inflammation in the colon caused by Entamoeba histolytica.

Answer 46

Colonoscopy

Question 47

drug of choice for amoebiasis

Answer 47

Metronidazole Nitazoxanide

Question 48

commonly known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory illness

Answer 48

Pertussis

Question 49

a small, aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium that causes pertussis

Answer 49

Bordetella pertussis

Question 50

Pertussis primarily affects what system? respiratory system

Answer 50

respiratory system

Question 51

stye is caused by what bacterium

Answer 51

(Staphylococcus aureus)

Question 52

an infection of the liver caused by a virus

Answer 52

Hepatitis B

Question 53

causes of hepa b

Answer 53

sexual contact; sharing needles, syringes, or other drug-injection equipment

Question 54

S. aureus can spread to bones and joints, causing

Answer 54

osteomyelitis

Question 55

antibiotic-resistant strains of staph aureus

Answer 55

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).