INTRO

Question 1

nonliving entities and living organisms are called

Answer 1

microbes

Question 2

what are the two major categories of microbes

Answer 2

acellular
cellular

Question 3

these microbes include viruses and prions or infectious particles

Answer 3

acellular

Question 4

these microbes include all bacteria, archaea, some algae, protozoa & fungi

Answer 4

cellular

Question 5

these are organisms composed of cells that lack a true nucleus

Answer 5

procaryotes

Question 6

organisms that compose a true nucleus

Answer 6

eucaryotes

Question 7

these are microbes that cause disease

Answer 7

pathogens

Question 8

microbes that live in and on the human body are reffred as

Answer 8

indigenous microflora

Question 9

inhibit the growth of
pathogens in those areas of the body where they live
by occupying space, depleting the food supply, and secreting materials (waste products, toxins, antibi-otics, etc.)

Answer 9

indigenous flora

Question 10

Some of the microbes that
colonize (inhabit) our bodies
are known as

Answer 10

opportunistic pathogens

Question 11

they have the potential to cause infections if
they gain access to a part of
our anatomy where they do not belong. BUT CAN CAUSE DISEASE

Answer 11

opportunistic pathogens

Question 12

these are microbes that produce oxygen for humans

Answer 12

algae & cyanobacteria

Question 13

these microbes aid in fertilization by returning inorganic nutrients to the
soil. breaking down dead and dying organic mate-
rials into nitrates, phosphates,

Answer 13

Decomposers or saprophytes

Question 14

study of the relationships between microbes and the environment is called

Answer 14

Microbial ecology

Question 15

farmers who practice crop rotation to replenish
nutrients in their fields and to gardeners who keep
compost pits as a source of natural fertilizer. what type of study is this

Answer 15

microbial ecology

Question 16

what were the first microbes on earth?

Answer 16

archaea & cyanobacteria

Question 17

what were the first microbes observed by humans

Answer 17

Bacteria & protozoa

Question 18

who is the father of bacteriology & protozoology

Answer 18

Anton van leeuwenhoek

Question 19

who proposed the theory of biogenesis

Answer 19

Rudolf virchow

Question 20

his contributions are con-
sidered by many people to be the foundation of the sci-
ence of microbiology and a cornerstone of modern
medicine.

Answer 20

Louie pasteur

Question 21

discovered forms of life that could exist in the
absence of oxygen.

Answer 21

pasteur

Question 22

who introduced the terms aerobes & anaerobes

Answer 22

Pasteur

Question 23

process involved heating
wine to 55°Cb and holding it at that temperature for
several minutes. is accomplished
by heating liquids

Answer 23

pasteurization

Question 24

pasteurization does not kill all microbes in liquids just the pathogens

Answer 24

True

Question 25

discovered the infectious agents that caused the silkworm diseases that were crippling the silk in- dustry in France.

Answer 25

Pasteur

Question 26

the theory that specific microbes cause specific infectious diseases.

Answer 26

germ theory of disease

Question 27

developed vaccines to prevent chicken cholera, anthrax, and swine erysipelas, rabies

Answer 27

pasteur

Question 28

he proved that the an- thrax bacillus (B. anthracis), which had been discovered earlier by other scientists, was truly the cause of an- thrax.

Answer 28

Robert Koch

Question 29

developed methods of fixing, staining, and pho- tographing bacteria.

Answer 29

Robert koch

Question 30

vented a flat glass dish in which to culture bacteria on solid media.

Answer 30

Petri dish

Question 31

discovered the bacterium (M. tuberculosis) that causes tuberculosis and the bacterium (Vibrio cholerae) that causes cholera.

Answer 31

Koch

Question 32

Some pathogens can not be implemented with koch's postulates

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Microbes having complex and demanding nutritional requirements are said to be

Answer 33

fastidious

Question 34

diseases, called ___, are caused not by one particular microbe, but by the combined effects of two or more different microbes.

Answer 34

synergistic infections

Question 35

these infections are caused by intoxication from ingesting toxins

Answer 35

algae

Question 36

A domain of prokaryotic, microscopic, unicellular organism

Answer 36

bacteria

Question 37

the origin of life from nonliving matter. specifically a theory in the evolution of early life on earth

Answer 37

abiogenesis

Question 38

medical practices and procedures that helps protect patients from dangerous germs

Answer 38

aseptic technique

Question 39

the development of life from preexisting life

Answer 39

biogenesis

Question 40

are a polyphyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, that feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic debris

Answer 40

protozoa

Question 41

a method of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in medium under controlled laboratory condition

Answer 41

culture

Question 42

a process that helps break down large organic molecules via the action of microorganisms into simpler ones.

Answer 42

fermentation

Question 43

this story states that many diseases are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, or fungi.

Answer 43

germ theory of disease

Question 44

theory is that each particular type of fermentation or of disease is caused by specific a kind of microbe

Answer 44

germ theory of fermentation

Question 45

the study of how the body protects itself from microbes that cause infectious disease and tumors.

Answer 45

immunology

Question 46

defined as the study of microbes.

Answer 46

microbiology

Question 47

the living organisms that live and feed on dead and decaying organisms.

Answer 47

saprophytes

Question 48

defined as a process of complete elimination or destruction of all forms of microbial life

Answer 48

sterilization

Question 49

a form of sterilization that involves boiling the goods to be sterilized

Answer 49

tyndallization

Question 50

small obligate intracellular parasites, contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protein coat

Answer 50

virus

Question 51

the study of relationships between microbes and environment

Answer 51

microbial ecology

Question 52

a substance produced by a microbe that kills or inhibits growth of microbes

Answer 52

antibiotic

Question 53

first person to see live bacteria & protozoa or the father of microbiology

Answer 53

Anton Van leeunwenhoek

Question 54

French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization

Answer 54

Louis pasteur

Question 55

(organisms that require oxygen)

Answer 55

aerobes

Question 56

organisms that do not require oxygen).

Answer 56

anaerobes

Question 57

can be used to kill pathogens in many types of liquids. (heating)

Answer 57

Pasteurizations