Osteoarthritis

Question 1

risk factors for OA

Answer 1

age
F>M (for hip)
obesity
trauma
joint malalignment or inflammatory condition

Question 2

how can you classify OA

Answer 2

primary - iatrogenic / no preceeding trauma
secondary

Question 3

what are some signs you may see on clinical examination for OA

Answer 3

muscle wasting
joint effusion
decreased ROM

Question 4

what is the general pathophysiology of OA

Answer 4

tissue macrophages within the joint are activated and release inflammatory mediators
T helpers stimulate synovial cells to produce proteases (break down cartilage) and activated osteoclasts (create bony spurs)

Question 5

what antibodies would you investigate for to support diagnosis of OA

Answer 5

rheumatoid factor
anti CCP

Question 6

what is the escalation of pharmacalogical treatment like for OA

Answer 6

paracetamol
topical steroids (capsaicin)
oral NSAIDs + PPI

Question 7

where are bouchards nodes found

Answer 7

PIPJ
associated with OA

Question 8

where are heberdens nodes found

Answer 8

DIPJ
associated with OA