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PSYC2360 > 13: MOTOR CONTROL + DISORDERS > Flashcards

13: MOTOR CONTROL + DISORDERS Flashcards

1
Q

3 BASAL GANGLIA DISORDERS

A
  1. PARKINSON’S DISEASE
  2. HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE
  3. TOURETTE’S SYNDROME
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2
Q

motor deficit disorder that involve deficiency of AUTOMATIC/HABITUAL resps caused by damage to BASAL GANGLIA

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE

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3
Q

degeneration of NIGROSTRIATAL SYSTEM

A

specific cause of PARKINSON’S DISEASE

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4
Q

system of DOPAMINE-secreting neurons of SUBSTANTIA NIGRA that send axons to BASAL GANGLIA

A

NIGROSTRIATAL SYSTEM

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5
Q
  • HYPOKINESIA/BRADYKINESIA/AKINESIA
  • PARKINSONIAN MASK
  • RESTING TREMORS
  • COGWHEEL RIGIDITY
  • postural/gait disturbances
A

SYMPTOMS OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE

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6
Q

difficulty INITIATING mvmt

A

HYPOKINESIA

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7
Q

SLOWNESS in control of mvmt

A

BRADYKINESIA

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8
Q

SLOWNESS of THOUGHT

A

BRADYPHRENIA

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9
Q

ABSENCE of mvmt

A

AKINESIA

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10
Q

frozen facial fts

A

PARKINSONIAN MASK

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11
Q

vibratory mvmts of arms/hands that diminish somewhat when individuals makes PURPOSEFUL mvmts

A

RESTING TREMOR

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12
Q

stereotypical mvmts made at rest that resembles rolling a pill btwn fingertips/thumb

A

PILL-ROLLING TREMOR

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13
Q

small rigid steps in a passive mvmts caused by INCR muscle tone in EXTENSOR/FLEXOR muscles that leads to RESISTANCE to mvmt

A

COGWHEEL RIGIDITY

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14
Q
  • L-DOPA
  • ANTI-CHOLINERGIC DRUGS
  • STALEVO
A

DRUG TREATMENTS FOR PARKINSONS DISEASE

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15
Q

INCR ___ in brain causes patients remaining DOPAMINE neurons to produce/secrete MORE DOPAMINE which alleviates symptoms of disease for a bit

A

L-DOPA

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16
Q

this type of drug REDUCES uptake of ACETYLCHOLINE + restores balance btwn DOPAMINE/ACETYLCHOLINE that was damaged by depletion of DOPAMINE

A

ANTI-CHOLINERGIC DRUGS

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17
Q

new combination medication that INCR DOPAMINE levels in brain

A

STALEVO

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18
Q

surgical stereotaxic lesioning of INTERNAL DIVISION OF GLOBUS PALLIDUS to treat PD (GPi = stimulated first to determine region responsible for excessive inhibition)

A

PALLIDOTOMIES

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19
Q

division of GLOBUS PALLIDUS that provides INHIBITORY input to MOTOR CORTEX via THALAMUS

A

INTERNAL DIVISION OF GLOBUS PALLIDUS

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20
Q

lesion of ___ ___ used for patients w ADVANCED PD

A

SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS

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21
Q

surgical procedure involving implanting electrodes in particular region of brain + attaching device that permits electrical stimulation of that region thru electrodes

A

DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION

22
Q

devices that act as brain pacemaker that = implanted in THALAMUS + stimulate motor pathways (bypassing connections from BASAL GANGLIA

A

INTERNAL STIMULATORS

23
Q

inherited, autosomal dominant degenerative disorder affecting CAUDATE NUCLEUS of BASAL GANGLIA

A

HUNTINGTONS DISEASE

24
Q

degeneration of CAUDATE NUCLEUS/PUTAMEN + in hereditary cases: dom gene on chromosome 4

A

CAUSE OF HUNTINGTONS DISEASE

25
Q

HYPERKINESIAS:
- HUNTINGTONS CHOREA
- ATHETOSIS
- CONTORTED POSTURES
- BRADYKINESIA

A

SYMPTOMS OF HUNTINGTONS DISEASE

26
Q

jerky/uncontrollable limb mvmts

A

HUNTINGTONS CHOREA

27
Q

slow/writhing involuntary mvmts

A

ATHETOSIS

28
Q

head/arms/legs/being in constant motion

A

CONTORTED POSTURES

29
Q

is there treatment for HUNTINGTONS DISEASE?

A

NO

30
Q

disorder caused by damage to BASAL GANGLIA that involves REPETITIVE mvmts/unwanted sounds

A

TOURETTE’S SYNDROME

31
Q

assoc w gene on chrom 18

A

CAUSE OF TOURETTE’S SYNDROME

32
Q
  • VOCAL/MOTOR TICS
  • ECHOLALIA
  • COPROLALIA
  • head/face = affected
  • complex mvmts (touching) = affected
  • OCD
A

SYMPTOMS OF TOURETTE’S SYNDROME

33
Q

1 DRUG TREATMENT FOR TOURETTE’S SYNDROME

A

DOPAMINE AGONISTS (anti-DOPAMINE)

34
Q

paralysis on 1 side of body

A

HEMIPLEGIA

35
Q

MOTOR STRIP lesions

A

CAUSE OF HEMIPLEGIA

36
Q

difficulty carrying out purposeful actions in ABSENCE of paralysis/muscle weakness/somatosensation/comprehension

A

APRAXIA

37
Q

left inferior PARIETAL lesions

A

CAUSE OF APRAXIA

38
Q

poor control of mvmts in PERIPHERY

A

OPTIC ATAXIA

39
Q

bilateral superior PARIETAL injury

A

CAUSE OF OPTIC ATAXIA

40
Q

anarchic (disorganized) control of CONTRALAT hand

A

ALIEN HAND SYNDROME

41
Q

medial FRONTAL CORTEX (SMA) + anterior CORPUS CALLOSOTOMIES

A

CAUSE OF ALIEN HAND SYNDROME

42
Q
  • patient feels and behaves in FOREIGN/UNCOOPERATIVE manner
  • INTERMANUAL CONFLICT
  • usually left hand = affect in right handers
A

SYMPTOMS OF ALIEN HAND SYNDROME

43
Q

when person’s hand acts as if it has AUTONOMOUS control independent from indies control

A

INTERMANUAL CONFLICT

44
Q
  • impairment of LEARNED actions (gestures/tool use/skilled purposeful mvmts)
  • both hands = affected (bilateral)
  • cooccurs w aphasia
A

SYMPTOMS OF APRAXIA

45
Q

inability to carry out simple motor activity in resp to VERBAL COMMAND (cant mime/imitate use either)

A

IDEOMOTOR APRAXIA

46
Q

inability to carry out SEQUENCE of actions that = components of bhvrl script

A

IDEATIONAL APRAXIA

47
Q

probs w mvmts of ARMS/HANDS/FINGERS

A

LIMB APRAXIA

48
Q

difficulty DRAWING/CONSTRUCTING objects

A

CONSTRUCTIONAL APRAXIA

49
Q

probs w mvmts of muscles used in SPEECH

A

ORAL APRAXIA

50
Q

particularly type of WRITING DEFICIT

A

APRAXIC AGRAPHIA

51
Q
  1. PREMOTOR + SUPPLEMENTARY MOTOR CORTICAL REGIONS
  2. CEREBELLUM
  3. BASAL GANGLIA
  4. MOTOR CORTEX
  5. BRAIN STEM
  6. SPINAL CORD
A

BRAIN AREAS INVOLVED IN MOTOR CONTROL

PSYC2360 (17 decks)

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