Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HUBS192 > Lecture 10 - Controlling Heart And Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Lecture 10 - Controlling Heart And Blood Pressure Flashcards

1
Q

Which is higher pulmonary or systemic

A

Systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The left ventricles generates pressure for…

A

… the systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the high blood pressure on the large systemic arteries linked to?

A

Ventricular contraction and ejection of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the high blood pressure in the large systemic arteries

A
  • pulsatile in major arteries (systolic/ diastolic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the main critically important factor to determine of blood flow?

A

Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Your blood fluctuates between a maximum _____ pressure and a minimal ______

A

Systolic
Diastolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What determines blood flow

A

Mean arterial blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Amount of filling in pipes in our pipes is related to…

A

Election of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Blood pressure is ____ in major arteries

A

High (and oscillatory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Blood pressure ______ steeply across the arterioles, capillaries and venules. ______ is also reduced

A
  • falls
  • oscillatory nature is also reduced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most of your blood at any one time is in your _____ system

A

Venous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Blood pressure is very _____ in veins

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What greates a driving force for blood flow?

A
  • the large !!!difference!!!! in pressure between the arterial and venous sides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pressure graph

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is haemodynamics?

A
  • how blood flows in a single vessel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Equation for flow

A

Flow = pressure difference / resistance

Q= ^P/R

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Flow is directly dependent on____ but inversely dependent on _____

A

Difference in pressure NOT ABSOLUTE
Resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Equation for mean arterial pressure

A

MAP = Q X R

(Assumed the difference between arterial pressure and vascular pressure is just mean arterial pressure - assume no pressure by the time of vena cava - so its arterial pressure minus zero which equals MAP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ejection of blood into the arterial system maintains _________ and ___________

A
  • arterial blood volume
  • arterial blood pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When blood flows in:

A
  • fills arteries
  • increases arterial blood volume
  • raises arterial pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When blood flows out:

A
  • drains arteries
  • decreases arterial blood volume
  • lowers arterial pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pressure in arteries depends on

A

How much we put in and how much we put out ??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Veins / arteries hold more volume

A

Veins

24
Q

Arterial blood volume and pressure are determined by:

A
  • a balance between ‘blood flow in’ and ‘blood flow out’

(Blood flow is determined by resistance?)

25
Q

Cardiac output and arterial resistance affect _______

A

Blood pressure

26
Q

What is ‘blood flow in’ determined by?

A
  • ventricular contraction
  • ejection of blood
  • CARDIAC OUTPUT (how much is put in (L/time))

(FLOW)

27
Q

What is ‘blood flow out’ determined by?

A
  • capillary flow
  • controlled by resistance of the arteries

(RESISTANCE)

28
Q

Can control pressure by putting more in or letting less out

A

True and real
- either of these things will increase volume and increase pressure

29
Q

What is the goal?

A
  • mean arterial pressure
30
Q

Arterial pressure equation

A

Arterial pressure = cardiac output X total peripheral resistance

MAP = CO X TRP

31
Q

Arterial

A
32
Q

Cardiac output is determined by

A
  • stoke volume
  • heart rate
33
Q

Equation for cardiac output

A

Cardiac output = strove volume (amount pumped out) (contraction strength) X heart rate (contraction speed/rate)

CO = SV X HR

Cardiac output: (L/min)
Stroke volume (L/beat)
Heart rate (beats/min)

34
Q

Diagram of stroke volume

A
35
Q

Two approaches for meeting the stroke volume vs heart rate in ANIMALS

A

Mouse: small stoke volume but high heart rate
Whale: big stoke volume but low heart rate

36
Q

Stroke volume vs Heart rate: healthy heart v Failing heart

A
37
Q

For homeostasis of arterial blood pressure, what is tightly regulated

A

Mean arterial pressure - within a narrow range

38
Q

Can maintain arterial blood pressure homeostasis by maintaining :

A
  • heart (cardiac output)
  • blood vessels (vascular resistance)
39
Q

How homeostasis is coordinated with the brain stem

A
  • afferent input from both the CNS and ‘periphery’
  • efferent output to heart and vessels (controls heart rate, stoke volume, TPR)

Harvesting information about physiological state and blood pressure and have afferent outputs to maintain homeostasis

40
Q

Brain shit

A
41
Q

What are baroreceptors ?

A

Blood pressure sensors

42
Q

Where are baroreceptors found

A

Arch of aorta (checks pressure for rest of body)
Carotid arteries (checks pressure on way to brain)

43
Q

Baroreceptors are

A

Tonically active

44
Q

Neural control of cardiac output VERY IMPORTANT CARD

A
  • harvesting information about mean arterial pressure from baroreceptors
  • feeding it into the brain stem (afferent)
  • two different outputs: depending on if BP is too high or low
    • break output - reducing BP by reducing CO (by slowing heart rate) (parasympathetic)
      VAGUS nerve feeds into Heart at SA node and AV node
    • accelerator output - increasing BP by increase stroke volume and heart rate (CO) (sympathetic)
      SYMPTATHETIC CARDIAC nerve feeds into SA node and ventricular muscle to make it pump harder - increasing stroke volume and heart rate
  • these nerves don’t tell it to beat - SA node is spontaneous - only to increase or decrease activity

BAROREFLEX

45
Q

Difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic

A

Sympathetic speed things up
- sympathetic nerve speeds up both rate and ventricular contraction

Parasympathetic slow things down
- VAGUS nerve - just goes to the nodes influencing rate

46
Q

Beroflelex in a whole body tilt

A
  • reduced blood coming back to heart
  • lower stroke volume
  • drops cardiac output but not as much as expected because the heart rate goes up
  • heart rate goes up to compensate due to equation - sympathetic
  • therefore mean arterial blood pressure hardly changes as CO has dropped a little bit, but TPR increases (squeezed vessels) to compensate
47
Q

Cardiac output is

A

Blood leaving the heart ( L/min)

48
Q

Cardiac output is determined by

A

Stroke volume and heart rate (CO = SV x HR)

49
Q

When is cardiac output increased

A

During exercise

50
Q

Blood pressure is sensed by_____ and controlled by ______ via ________

A

Blood pressure is sensed by baroreceptors and controlled by changes to cardiac output via efferent signalling from the brain
- parasympathetic signalling through the vagus nerve slows heart rate
- sympathetic signalling through the sympathetic trunk ganglion speeds heart rate and increases stroke volume

51
Q

Definintioin of lymphatic

A

The smallest vessels of the lymphatic system commence as large, blind ending capillaries that are thin walled, contain no RBC’s, and have valves.

52
Q

Definition of cisterns Chyri

A

E N L A R G E D T E R M I N U S O F T H E T H O R A C I C D U C T T H A T R E C E I V E S L Y M P H F R O M T H E D I G E S T I V E VISCERA

53
Q

Left and right side drainage

A

ALL of the LEFT side (+
Cervical nodes (neck)
EVERYTHING below the belly
button)
- Drains into the cisterna chyli Axillary nodes (underarms)
- Then into the left thoracic duct - Then into the left subclavian
vein
Some of the RIGHT side (hip + above)
- Drains into the right lymphatic
Inguinal nodes (groin)
duct
- Then into the right subclavian
vein

54
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the breast explanation

A

• Lymphatic vessels of the
breast collect lymph, this
travels to the Axillary Nodes
and then the right lymphatic
duct to the right subclavian
vein into the blood vascular
space • Breast tissue lymphatic
drainage can carry cancer cells
into the blood vascular system
causing Metastatic cance

55
Q

Sentinel node is most likely to be effected by cancer is breast

A

Idk bro

HUBS192 (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions