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HUBS192 > 34 > Flashcards

34 Flashcards

1
Q

Are there differnces between male and and female reproductive systems

A

Yes

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2
Q

What are gonads ?

A

Organs where gametes (sex cells) are produced

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3
Q

Gonads in females - what are they called and what do they produce ?

A

Ovary - oocytes

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4
Q

Gonads in males - what do they produce ?

A
  • testes - spermatozoa
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5
Q

Genitalia allow for…?

A

Coitus

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6
Q

What does genitalia allowing for coitus allow for?

A
  • allow gametes to fuse to form an embryo (fertilisation)
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7
Q

What is the pelvis ?

A
  • bony basin between trunk and the lower limbs
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8
Q

What is the pelvis comprised of

A
  • hip bones + sacrum + coccyx
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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Pelvis inlet is open/closed

A

Open

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11
Q

Pelvic outlet is open/closed

A

Pelvic outlet is closed by muscles

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12
Q

Which is bigger? Inlet or outlet?

A

Inlet is always bigger then outlet

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

The two pelvic subdivisions

A
  • false/ greater pelvis
  • true/lesser pelvis
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15
Q

Features of the false/greater pelvis

A
  • superior region
  • above pelvic inlet
  • contains parts of the GI tract
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16
Q

True / lesser pelvis

A
  • inferior region
  • between inlet and outlet
  • contains internal reproductive organs
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17
Q

Female vs male

A

Female:
- broader sub public angle
- oval inlet
- straighter coccyx

Male:
- narrower subpubic angle
- heart shaped inlet
- curved coccyx

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18
Q

What does the pelvic floor ( pelvic diaphragm) do?

A
  • closes over pelvic outlet
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19
Q

Two muscles of the pelvic floor

A
  • levator ani
  • coccyeus
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20
Q

Opening s in the pelvic floor

A
  • urethra
  • anal canal
  • Vagina
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21
Q
A
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22
Q

Where is the male perineum ?

A

Region inferior to the pelvic floor and between upper region of the thoughts

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23
Q

Male perineum includes…..

A
  • external genitalia
  • anus
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24
Q

Divisions of the male perineum

A

Two triangular divisions

Anterior: urogenital triangle
- urethral openeing; external genitalia

Posterior: anal triangle
- anal canal and fat

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25
Q
A
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26
Q

Internal reproductive organs are found in the cavity enclosed by…

A

The true pelvis

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27
Q

What triangle of what region is the external genitalia found in?

A

The external genitalia is found in the eurogenital triangle of the perineal region

28
Q

Openings in the male pelvic floor include…

A

Urethra
Anus

29
Q

Openings in the female pelvic floor include..

A

Urethra
Anus
Vagina

30
Q

Functions of the male reproductive system

A
  • to produce spermatozoa (sperm / male gamete)
  • transport spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract
31
Q

Male reproductive system is made up of

A
  • testes (male gonad)
  • reproductive tract/duct
  • accessory structures and glands
32
Q
A
33
Q

Male reproductive tract ?

A
  • path that sperm travel along
34
Q

What does the male reproductive react consist of?

A
  • testes
  • epididymis
  • ductus (vas) deferens
  • ejaculatory duct
  • urethra
35
Q
A
36
Q

What does the scrotum contain?

A
  • two testes
  • two epiididymides
  • two spermatic cards (with part of ductus deferns)
37
Q

What do the testes produce

A
  • produce sperm, testosterone and inhibit
38
Q

Where do testes lie

A
  • lie in scrotum - outside
39
Q

What are the testes surrounded by?

A

Surrounded by dense fibrous capsule: the tunica albuginea

40
Q

Testes have lobules containing…

A

Seminiferous tubules

41
Q

Seminiferous tubules join to form

A

Rete testis

42
Q

Rete testis join to form…

A

Efferent ductules leading to epididymis

43
Q
A
44
Q

Seminiferous tubules - cells associated with them and what they do

A
  • Interstitial endocrine (leydig) cels produce testosterone
  • nurse (sertoli) cells produce inhibin
  • supermatogenic cells - spermatogonia and spermatozoa at various stages of development
45
Q

What does the epididymis consist of?

A
  • head, body, tail
46
Q

Where does the sperm enter the epididymis and exit from?

A
  • sperm enter from seminiferous tubules and exit via ductus deferens
47
Q

What is the site of sperm maturation?

A

Epididymis

48
Q
A
49
Q

what continues on to epidermis

A

ductus deferens

50
Q

Where does the ductus deferens start?

A

Starts in the spermatic cord

51
Q

What is the ductus deferens covered by?

A

Smooth muscle

52
Q

Where does the ductus deferens run in relation to the urinary bladder?

A

Posterior

53
Q

Ductus deferens dilates to form the

A

Ampulla

54
Q

What are the ejaculatory ducts formed by?

A
  • formed by the union of the duct from the seminal vesicles and the ampulla
55
Q

Where does the ejaculatory ducts open into?

A

Opens in the prostatic urethra

56
Q
A
57
Q

Two functions of the male urethra

A

Urination and ejaculation

58
Q

Three changes in epithelium down the urethra

A
  • transitional
  • columnar
  • stratified
59
Q

Three sections of the male urethra

A
  • prostatic urethra
  • membranous urethra
  • penile/spongy urethra
60
Q

Urethral sphincters - external and internal

A
  • external: skeletal muscle, voluntary control of urination
  • internal: detrusor muscle: closes bladder ensuring sperm ejaculated through the urethra

(Retrograde ejactulation: sphincter doesn’t close; therefore, sperm ends up in bladder)

61
Q

Retrograde ejaculation:

A
  • sphincter doesn’t close; therefore, spermicide ends up in bladder
62
Q
A
63
Q
A
64
Q

Spermatogenesis occurs in..

A

The seminiferous tubules within the testes

65
Q

The path of sperm

A
  • form the seminiferous tubules, the spermatozoa travel into the epidymis, the duct deferns, the ejaculatory ducts and finally the urethra
66
Q
A

Yoyoyoyoyoyoy

HUBS192 (39 decks)

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