Civil Rights 1941-1970

Question 1

Were the US armed forces segregated at the beginning of WW2?

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

How many black americans were serving in the armed forces by 1945?

Answer 2

750,000

Question 3

At the beginning of lWW2 what roles could black americans take in the army?

Answer 3

supporting roles
(working in kitchens, carrying messages)

Question 4

Why were black americans allowed on to the front lines?

Answer 4

black Americans were needed to fill positions in the forces as troop numbers fell when white Americans were wounded or killed

Question 5

Who was Dwight D Eisenhower?

Answer 5

supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe

Question 6

What did Dwight D Eisenhower support?

Answer 6

idea of integrating black and white soldiers to fight together

Question 7

What is Executive order 8802?

Answer 7

banned discrimination against black Americans in work

issued by ROOSEVELT

Question 8

How many Black Americans worked in war industries?

Answer 8

roughly 2 million

Question 9

How many people died/injured in the race riot in Detroit 1943?

Answer 9

34 died
700 injured

Question 10

How much damage was caused in the Detroit race riots 1943?

Answer 10

2 million USD worth of damage

Question 11

How many Black americans were stationed in Britain in 1942?

Answer 11

150,000

Question 12

Were black soldiers treated better in the UK or US?

Answer 12

UK
For many (outside the bases) it was the first time where they didn’t experience segregation

Inside the bases they were still segregated

Question 13

What is the NAACP

Answer 13

The National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People

Question 14

When was the NAACP set up

Answer 14

1909, its works to bring out racial inequality

Question 15

Why did NAACP membership increase significantly after WW2?

Answer 15

due to black peoples experiences in the war

Question 16

How many NAACP members in 1945?

Answer 16

rose from 50,000 to 450,000 (by 1945)

Question 17

What is CORE

Answer 17

Congress Of Racial Equality

set up in 1942 by Gandhi

Question 18

What protest methods did CORE use

Answer 18

non violent
(sit ins at segregated cinemas and restaurants)

Question 19

Why was Trumans fair deal not passed?

Answer 19

southern senators in Congress stopped his proposal

Question 20

Brown V Topeka

Answer 20

1951

Linda Brown was denied access to school as her local one was White only

Her Parents asked the NAACP for help and the case went to Supreme Court

Question 21

Brown VS Topeka SC RESULT

Answer 21

May 1954
Justice Earl Warren stated that segregation in education went against the CONSITUTION

Question 22

Little Rock 9

Answer 22

9 black students attending Little Rock High School

Governor Faubus ordered state troopers to stop students attending the school.

Eisenhower was shocked and sent 1,200 federal troops to protect the children

Question 23

James Meredith

Answer 23

Attended University of Mississipi

SC demanded the Uni to allow him to study there

Kennedy sent 300 US marshals to protect Meredith (these troops stayed until he graduated)

Later 2,000 troops sent in due to riots

Question 24

Freedom rides

Answer 24

May 1961 CORE organised Freedom rides

Protestors would break segregation laws

In Anniston Alabama, one bus had its windows smashed and a petrol bomb thrown in to it

Question 25

Freedom rides RESULT

Answer 25

Kennedy sent US marshals to protect them

Question 26

How many black pilots were there by 1945?

Answer 26

600

Question 27

Why was MLK succesful?

Answer 27

charasmatic popular leader who gained worldwide media coverage

Question 28

When was Rosa Parks arrested?

Answer 28

December 1955 for refusing to give up her seat on the bus

Question 29

Why did MLK target Birmingham Alabama?

Answer 29

large black population
notorious racist chief of police (Bull Connor)

Question 30

When was March on Washington

Answer 30

august 1963

Question 31

How many people attended March on Washington

Answer 31

250,000

Question 32

What did MLK’s ‘I have a dream speech’ do?

Answer 32

televised across the USA

put pressure on JFK to pass civil rights bill

Question 33

When was Civil Rights act passed?

Answer 33

1964 by Johnson

Question 34

What did the Civil Rights act enable?

Answer 34

Segregation in hotels, motels, restaurants,
lunch counters & theatres was banned

Responsibility of federal gov to bring cases
to court to tackle discrimination

Black students given equal rights

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
set up