Enforcing Law and Order

Question 1

Tithings

Answer 1

Adult men were put in to groups of 10, If one member of the 10 broke the law it was the responsibility of the others to catch the culprit and take him to court

Question 2

How many men were in one Tithing?

Answer 2

10

Question 3

When were tithings used?

Answer 3

Medieval Era

Question 4

Hue and Cry

Answer 4

Calling on fellow villagers to chase the criminal. If villagers failed to join then the village could be fined.

Question 5

When was hue and cry used?

Answer 5

Medieval Era

Question 6

How did trials before 1500 operate?

Answer 6

Royal Judges would travel around the country to deal with serious cases.

County courts were established (JP’s)

Each village or manor had a manor court, held by a local lord or landowner for minor cases

Question 7

Roles of policing for the Parish Constable

Answer 7

Keep order in inns and ale houses.

Keep the peace in the parish.

Send illegitimate children back to their original parish.

Arrest people who have committed crimes.

Prevent crimes such as trespassing and poaching.

Carry out punishments such as whipping vagabonds.

Look out for vagabonds.

Question 8

What did Watchmen do?

Answer 8

They patrolled the streets of the largest towns on a nightly basis.

They did not have a uniform but were identifiable by their heavy coat, lantern and bell.

Question 9

What did Henry Fielding set up?

Answer 9

Bow Street Runners

Question 10

What did the Bow Street Runners do?

Answer 10

Paid constables who patrolled London

At first these men were paid from a government grant, but they also got rewards from catching suspects in the same was as Thief Takers.

Question 11

How many Bow Street Runners were there by 1800?

Answer 11

68

Question 12

Why did Henry Fielding set up the Bow Street Runners?

Answer 12

He wrote a report which stated that London’s crime rate was due to people expecting an easy life and resorting to crime rather than work, corruption in the Government and the ineffective policing systems.

Question 13

Why was there a great opposition to the Bow Street Runners?

Answer 13

-People disliked the inevitable cost of a police force
-People disliked the idea of rising taxes
-Concern that freedoms would be lost and privacy would be invaded

Question 14

Who created the Metropolitan Police?

Answer 14

Sir Robert Peel

Question 15

1829 Metropolitan Police Act

Answer 15

Established the Metropolitan Police in central London.

Question 16

When was the London Met Police established?

Answer 16

1829

Question 17

How many men were in the Met Police by 1882?

Answer 17

11,700 men

Question 18

What 4 powers were given to police?

Answer 18

Arrest
Search
Detention
Fines

Question 19

How many police forces were there in 1900 across Britain?

Answer 19

181

Question 20

Number of Police Officers by 2000

Answer 20

125,000 officers

Question 21

What was the purpose of policing at first?

Answer 21

Patrol the streets
Deter criminals
Investigate crimes
Arrest suspects

Question 22

What is the role of policing now?

Answer 22

To prevent crimes by visiting schools and community meetings

Neighbourhood Watch Scheme

Patrol the streets

Deter criminals

Investigate crimes

Arrest suspects

Question 23

When did the Neighbourhood Watch Scheme begin?

Answer 23

1982

Question 24

What were quarter sessions?

Answer 24

Quarter sessions were courts that would hear serious cases. They were held every three months. (MEDIEVAL ERA)

Question 25

In the medieval period, what was the name given to the call for help to catch a criminal?

Answer 25

Hue and Cry

Question 26

Who appointed the petty constable?

Answer 26

The Justice of the Peace appointed the petty constable

Question 27

Who wrote ‘An Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers and Related Writings’?

Answer 27

Henry Fielding
It was a report about the rise in crime in London.

Question 28

When was the first Metropolitan Police Act?

Answer 28

1829

Question 29

How many police forces were there in England and Wales in 2021?

Answer 29

43

Question 30

When was the first police training college set up?

Answer 30

1947

Question 31

Court system in the medieval era

Answer 31

Manorial, church and royal court

Question 32

Manor courts in the medieval era

Answer 32

Judges petty crime in the local area
e.g land disputes

Question 33

Church court in the medieval era

Answer 33

For churchmen who had committed a crime
e.g adultery or drunkenness

This court was more lenient and never issued the death penalty

Question 34

Royal court in the medieval era

Answer 34

Heard the most serious cases
Royal judges visited each county 2 times a year to try cases.

These were called assizes and lasted until 1971

Question 35

How many JP’S were there in each county?

Answer 35

30-60

Question 36

Who were JP’s replaced by in the industrial era

Answer 36

Police

Question 37

Rural Police Act 1839

Answer 37

established police
forces in the countryside.