Economic downturn and recovery (1929-1945)

Question 1

when was the wall street crash?

Answer 1

October 1929

Question 2

what did the wall street crash cause?

Answer 2

economic depression
GREAT DEPRESSION

Question 3

Was there a Welfare state during the great depression?

Answer 3

no, usa didn’t have a welfare system

Question 4

what is a ‘breadline’

Answer 4

line in which people in extreme poverty who could not buy food would queue up for food handouts

Question 5

what is a ‘hooverville’?

Answer 5

name for shanty towns built during the great depression
(Named after President Hoover)

Question 6

what is a ‘hobo’?

Answer 6

workers who travelled around the US looking for work

Question 7

how many Hobos travelled around the US looking for work?

Answer 7

estimated 2 milliion
travelled by foot, cars or on the railroad

Question 8

When was the Bonus March?

Answer 8

March 1932

Question 9

What was the Bonus March?

Answer 9

group of unemployed war veterans marched to Washingotn demanding that their Bonuses be paid early

Question 10

How many people marched in the Bonus March

Answer 10

between 20,000 to 40,000
(war veterans and their families)

Question 11

How many veterans chose to stay in a hooverville by the Capitol Building during the Bonus March?

Answer 11

roughly 15,000

Question 12

How was the Bonus March resolved?

Answer 12

Congress refused to pay the Bonus BUT offered to pay for marchers to regain their homes

Question 13

What happend to the hooverville built by the Capitol building during the Bonus March?

Answer 13

President Hoover sent in troops with tear gas and tanks to remove the marchers and their Hooverville.

Question 14

How did the Bonus March affect Hoover’s popularity?

Answer 14

made him even more unpopular
- seemed as if he didn’t care about people’s suffering caused by Great Depression

Question 15

How many shares were sold on ‘Black Thursday’?

Answer 15

13 million

Question 16

How many unemployed by the end of 1929?

Answer 16

2.5 million

Question 17

How many unemployed by 1932?

Answer 17

13 million

Question 18

what percent were unemployed in 1933?

Answer 18

black people- 50%
white people- 20%

Question 19

how did the republican GOVT handle depression?

Answer 19

laissez faire approach
(no interference)

rugged individualism
(personal liberty and free competition)

Question 20

1929 Agricultural Marketing Act

Answer 20

set up Federal Farm Board.

intended to help keep prices for farm produce high by buying up anything farmers could not sell at market

Question 21

was the 1929 Agricultural Marketing Act effective?

Answer 21

no, as it encouraged farmers to continue to overproduce

as a result price of farm produce continued to fall.

Question 22

Who were ‘Okies?

Answer 22

farmers from the state of Oklahoma who had lost their farms

Question 23

What did ‘Okies and Arkies’ do?

Answer 23

migrated across USA to California looking for work (growing fruit)

Question 24

What is the ‘Dust Bowl’?

Answer 24

name given to large area of land where over farming led to soil being impossible to farm

Question 25

how many ‘Okies and Arkies’ were there?

Answer 25

more than 1 million

Question 26

Did ‘Okies and Arkies’ manage to find jobs?

Answer 26

Farmers in the west were happy to employ
them as they worked for low wages.

Question 27

Suicide rate in 1932

Answer 27

17.4 per 1000

Question 28

Which President won the 1932 election?

Answer 28

ROOSEVELT
(by a landslide)

Question 29

How many states voted for Hoover in the 1932 election?

Answer 29

6 out of 48

Question 30

What was the New Deal based on?

Answer 30

RELIEF
RECOVERY
REFORM

Question 31

What were fireside chats?

Answer 31

personal explanations of his policies on the radio

THEY RESTORED CONFIDENCE TO PEOPLE

Question 32

What was Roosevelst first Fireside chat about?

Answer 32

BANKING CRISIS
He assured the US people the banks would only
open when they were secure.

Question 33

FERA

Answer 33

Emergency relief $500 million for
unemployed

Question 34

what was the CCC

Answer 34

creation of jobs for men aged between 18-25
e.g. planting trees.

2 million men were given work via this agency

Question 35

what was the NRA

Answer 35

set fair prices, wages and working
conditions.

Symbol of the blue eagle.

Question 36

Who opposed the New Deal?

Answer 36

Huey Long
Politicians from both parties
Supreme Court

Question 37

What are the ALPHABET AGENCIES?

Answer 37

US GOVt agencies founded to create jobs & provide servives to help RECOVERY

Question 38

PWA

Answer 38

Public Works Administration

spent $3.3 billion on public building projects to provide work for the unemployed. This included the building of schools, hospitals and roads.

Question 39

When was second new deal established

Answer 39

1936 after roosevelt gained his second term

Question 40

What did the second new deal focus on?

Answer 40

welfare and rights of workers

Question 41

example of a second new deal act

Answer 41

SOCIAL SECURITY ACT

provided benefits for the elderly, the disabled and the unemployed, widows and orphans

Question 42

Successes of the NEW DEAL

Answer 42

confidence rest0red
banks were stabilised
millions of jobs created
pensions provided

Question 43

Oppositions to the NEW DEAL

Answer 43

Huey Long (governor of Louisiana) said more should’ve been done to share America’s wealth

Some agencies discriminated against African Americans

Question 44

Example of alphabet agency that DISCRIMANTED African Americans

Answer 44

CCC Segregated African Americans from white Americans.