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GCSE Eduqas History > Weimar Germany > Flashcards

Weimar Germany Flashcards

1
Q

What does Kaiser mean?

A

Emperor

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2
Q

What is the Reichstag?

A

Parliament

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3
Q

Article 48

A

President has power to suspend constitution in an ‘emergency’

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4
Q

Weakness of Article 48

A

It didn’t define what an ‘emergency’ was therefore the President could abuse this power

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5
Q

What is Anschluss?

A

Austria and Germany are forbidden from uniting

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6
Q

Who was the President of France?

A

George Clemenceau

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7
Q

Who was the President of the USA?

A

Woodrow Wilson

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8
Q

Who was the PM of the UK?

A

David Lloyd George

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9
Q

What did George Clemenceau want from the ToV?

A

Wanted revenge against Germany
e.g wanted Land and Money

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10
Q

What did Woodrow Wilson want from the ToV?

A

Wanted World Peace

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11
Q

What did David Lloyd George want from the ToV?

A

He wanted more trade opportunities

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12
Q

Name a MILITARY term from the ToV

A

~No German air force
~Army of no more than 100,000 men
~Demilitarisation of the Rhineland
~Only 6 small battleships

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13
Q

Name an ECONOMIC term from the ToV

A

Germany forced to pay a reparation bill at £6.6 billion

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14
Q

Article 231

A

War Guilt Clause

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15
Q

Name a TERRITORIAL term of the ToV

A

~Rhineland demilitarised
~Saar to be given to France for 15 years
~Alsace-Lorraine given back to France
~Anschluss

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16
Q

Why was the Saar a significant area of land?

A

It had many coal fields = ££££££

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17
Q

What impact did Article 231 have on Germany?

A

~ had to pay the Allies for this damage
~ Germany struggled to pay the monthly instalments when they began in 1922
~ huge strain on the already massively weakened German economy

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18
Q

What impact did the military terms of the ToV have to Germany?

A

~These terms were humiliating for Germany, which prided itself on the strength
of its military.
~Left Germans feeling vulnerable to future attack – (it was surrounded by former enemies: France in the West and the newly communist Russia in the East)

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19
Q

What impact did the territorial terms of the ToV have on Germany?

A

~Germany was reduced in size by 10 per cent.
~Lost 12 per cent of its population,
~Lost 16 per cent of its coalfields and half of its
iron and steel industry.

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20
Q

What two weaknesses did the Weimar Constitution have?

A

Article 48
Proportional Representation
(Radical groups could now easily join the Reichstag)

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21
Q

What STRENGTHS did the Weimar constitution have?

A

~It was a genuine democracy
~Almost all political power was exercised by
politicians (before it was the military)
~Bill of Rights (freedom of speech, religion and
equality

22
Q

Diktat

A

Dictated Peace

23
Q

Dolchstoss

A

Stab in the back

24
Q

Coup d’état

A

to takeover state

25
Q

When was the Spartacist uprising?

A

5 Jan 1919 - 12 Jan 1919

26
Q

What ideology did the Spartacist uprising have?

A

They were members of the post WW1 Communist Party

27
Q

How many members did the Spartacist’s have?

A

50,000

28
Q

Who led the Spartacist rebels?

A

Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht.

29
Q

Who defeated the Spartacist uprising?

A

The Friekorps

30
Q

What is the Friekorps?

A

armed bands of ex-soldiers

31
Q

What happened as a result of the Spartacist uprising?

A

Communist workers’ councils seized power all over Germany, and a Communist People’s Government took power in Bavaria.

Rosa and Federich arrested and killed

By May 1919 the Freikorps had crushed all of these uprisings

32
Q

Which party was Friedrich Ebert a part of?

A

Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)

33
Q

Why did the Spartacist uprising happen?

A

They believed that power and wealth should be shared equally among population

34
Q

When was the Kapp Putsch?

A

March 1920

35
Q

What happened during the Kapp Putsch?

A

As the German army had to be significantly reduced and the Freikorps were disbanded

Wolfgang Kapp led a Freikorps takeover in Berlin

The regular army refused to attack the Freikorps; Kapp was only defeated when the workers of Berlin went on strike and refused to cooperate with him.

36
Q

When did the hyperinflation crisis begin?

A

1923

37
Q

Why did HYPERINFLATION occur?

A

After the Germans missed a reparations payment late in 1922.
This set off a chain of events that included occupation, hyperinflation and rebellions

38
Q

How much did a loaf of bread cost in January 1923?

A

250 marks

39
Q

How much did a load of bread cost in November 1923?

A

200,000 million marks

40
Q

Who benefitted from hyperinflation?

A

Businessmen
Landowners
Those with mortgages
Farmers

41
Q

Who didn’t benefit from hyperinflation?

A

Those on fixed incomes
(Students, pensioners and the sick)
People with savings

42
Q

What was the main GOAL of the Kapp Putsch?

A

Attempt to overthrow fledging Weimar republic

43
Q

Why did the Kapp Putsch fail?

A

Wasn’t realistic as Germany was mostly in poverty and working class wouldn’t support the cause

Regular army refused to attack

44
Q

Cultural changes during the Golden Age of Weimar :

A

New era of art (surrealism and expressionism)
Bauhaus architecture
Encouragement of literature and arts

45
Q

Political stability in the Golden Age of Weimar

A

Stresemann and Hindenburg were the 2 most popular men in Germany

Population were happy with the leadership
(Social democrats had the most plurality of seats)

46
Q

Standard of living in the Golden Age of Weimar

A

Wages increased by 10%
Unemployment fell

HOWEVER

Middle class didn’t experience an increase in prosperity
184,000 didn’t qualify for unemployment relief

47
Q

Women during the Golden Age of Weimar

A

In 1919 women over 20 could vote
More women chose to take up a career
Advanced legal rights, pay and education
More social freedom to dress more liberally

48
Q

How many women were unemployed in 1925?

A

35.6% of women
HUGE DECREASE
SOCIAL CHANGE

49
Q

Housing during the Golden Age of Weimar

A

Housing shortages so, planners devised new innovative strategies to combat the shortage

50
Q

Unemployment insurance during the Golden Age of Weimar

A

German Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck, introduced reforms including health and insurance schemes

51
Q

Which German Chancellor brought about health and insurance schemes?

A

Otto Von Bismarck

GCSE Eduqas History (31 decks)

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