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GCSE Eduqas History > Nazi economic, social and racial policy > Flashcards

Nazi economic, social and racial policy Flashcards

1
Q

What was Hitler’s aim regarding economic policy?

A

He aimed for full employment to recover the German economy

Rearmement

Self-sufficiency

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2
Q

Autarky

A

A closed economy. Hitler’s ideology that wanted Germany to cease trade with the outside world and rely entirely on its own resources.

Self-sufficiency

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3
Q

Example of the public works that Hitler built:

A

1936 Olympic Stadium
The construction of 7,000 kms of
autobahns (Created work for 80,000 men)

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4
Q

Autobahn

A

German Motorways

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5
Q

How many men gained work from building atubahns?

A

80,000 men

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6
Q

How many kilometres of autobahns did Hitler implore to build?

A

7000 kms

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7
Q

What was responsible for the bulk of economic growth between 1933 and 1938?

A

Rearmament - Manufacturing arms and increasing the army.

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8
Q

How many marks were spent on producing tanks, aircrafts and ships in 1933?

A

3.5 billion marks

By 1939, 26 billion marks

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9
Q

Unemployment Relief Act (June 1933)

A

This helped establish an important organisation, the National Labour Service (RAD) which aimed to reduce unemployment and indoctrinate the workforce. Voluntary at first but compulsory from 1935

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10
Q

When did joining the RAD become compulsory?

A

1935

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11
Q

RAD

A

Reichsarbeitsdienst - National Labour Service

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12
Q

What did men aged between 18-25 have to do in the RAD?

A

Complete six months training at the RAD
Wear military uniform
Live in camps
Receive pocket money only - no wages

Do military/physical exercise every day such as planting forests and digging ditches on farms

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13
Q

What did the RAD aim to do?

A

Reduce unemployment to strengthen the German economy.

Indoctrinate the workforce

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14
Q

What is Invisible employment in regards to Germany?

A

Although Germany claimed to have full employment by 1939, many groups of people were not included in the statistics:

-The were 1.4 million men in the army (AGAISNT TREATY OF VERSAILLES)

-Jews who were sacked had to give their jobs to non-Jews.

-Women were to give up their jobs to men.

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15
Q

Impact of Nazi economic policies on Big Businesses

A

Boosted profits of big weapons companies, and managers of the major industrial companies saw their incomes rise by 50 per cent

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16
Q

Impact of Nazi economic policies on Small Businesses

A

Rules on opening and running small businesses were tightened, which resulted in 20 per cent of them closing.

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17
Q

Impact of Nazi economic policies on Farmers

A

Having been one of the main sources of their electoral support during their rise to power, farmers benefitted under the Nazis.

Agricultural prices had increased

The Hereditary Farm Law of 1933 prevented farms from being repossessed from their owners, which gave farming families greater security.

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18
Q

Impact of Nazi economic policies on German people OVERALL

A

Despite the loss of freedom, life improved in Germany for many ordinary people who were prepared to conform in order to have a job and a wage

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19
Q

The Labour Front (DAF)

A

This was a Nazi organisation that replaced trade unions, which were banned. It set wages and nearly always followed the wishes of employers, rather than employees.

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20
Q

What organisation replaced trade unions in Nazi Germany?

A

The Labour Front (DAF)

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21
Q

Strength through Joy (KdF)

A

This scheme gave workers rewards for their work - evening classes, theatre trips, picnics, and even very cheap or free holidays.

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22
Q

Purpose of the KdF

A

To support the Führer and thank him and to keep everyone happy after abolishing the trade unions.

INDOCTRINATION

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23
Q

Most popular KdF scheme

A

Volkswagen - The people’s car
It was possible to pay for the car in instalments

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24
Q

Beauty of Labour organisation

A

This organisation was to help Germans see that work was good, and that everyone who could work should.

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25
Q

What did the Beauty of Labour organisation achieve?

A

It advocated for improved conditions
Soon they improved workplaces with improved canteens, toilets and sports facilities

26
Q

Did living standard of German workers in non-armament industries improve?

A

NO
-Wages fell
-Workers could be blacklisted by employers for questioning the working conditions

—>Beauty of Labour Organisation

27
Q

The Three K’s

A

Kinder (Children)
Kuche (Kitchen)
Kirche (Church)

28
Q

What did the Nazi’s expect from women/

A

Stay home, and produce children to secure the future of the Aryan race.

29
Q

How did Hitler try to achieve a high birth rate to ensure that the Aryan population would grow?

A

Introducing the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage in 1933

Mother’s Cross

Lebensborn

30
Q

What did the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage in 1933 do?

A

It gave newlywed couples a loan of 1,000 marks, and allowed them to keep 250 marks for each aryan child they had

31
Q

Mother’s Cross

A

5 children were given a bronze medal.
6 or 7 children earned a silver medal.
8 or more earned a gold medal

THIS ENCOURAGED WOMEN TO HAVE BABIES IN ORDER TO SECURE THE FUTURE OF THE ARYAN RACE

32
Q

Lebensborn

A

Women could volunteer to have a baby for an Aryan member of the SS

33
Q

How were women discouraged from working?(conscription)

A

Women were forbidden from being conscripted until 1943

34
Q

Appearance of the ideal Nazi woman

A

Traditional German fashions

Plain peasant costumes, hair in plaits or buns and flat shoes.

Discouraged from staying slim so that they could have healthy babies

35
Q

From what age did boys have to join the Hitler youth?

A

10

36
Q

When was Hitler youth made compulsory?

A

1936

By 1939, 90% of Germany boys aged 14 and above were members

37
Q

Why was the Hitler Youth important to Hitler?

A

To ensure German children were thoroughly
indoctrinated in Nazi ideology.

38
Q

Girls’ wing of the Nazi Youth organisation

A

League of German Maidens

39
Q

What did boys do in the Hitler Youth?

A

Wore military style uniforms.
Activities centred on physical exercise and indoctrination.

Its aim was to prepare German boys to be future soldiers

40
Q

What did girl’s do in the League of German Maidens?

A

Wore a uniform consisting of a blue skirt, white blouse and marching shoes.
Activities centred around domestic skills and some physical exercise

Its aim was to prepare German girls for future motherhood

41
Q

Curriculum at a Nazi German school

A

History
Biology
Race study and ideology
PE
Geography

42
Q

Lebensraum

A

Germany’s living space

43
Q

What organisation did teachers have to join?

A

Nazi Teachers’ Association, which vetted them for political and racial suitability.

44
Q

How did every lesson start at a German Nazi school?

A

Every lesson started with “Heil Hitler!”

45
Q

What was Hitler’s aim when he changed German education systems?

A

To brainwash children so that they would grow up accepting Nazi ideas without question.

46
Q

Which groups did Hitler target for persecution?

A

Jewish people
Slavs
Gypsies
Gay people
Disabled people

47
Q

Untermensch

A

Sub-human.

Nazi’s believed that the Aryan race was superior race and some other races were untermensch.

48
Q

Hitler’s policy of persecution

A

Sterilisation
Concentration camps

49
Q

Sterilisation Policy of persecution

A

Many groups were prevented from reproducing

The mentally and physically disabled, including the deaf, were sterilised, as were people with hereditary diseases.

50
Q

Concentration camps Policy of persecution

A

Homosexuals, prostitutes, Jehovah’s Witnesses, gypsies, alcoholics, pacifists, beggars, hooligans and criminals were often rounded up and sent away to camps.

51
Q

When was Kristallnacht?

A

November 1938

52
Q

The Nazis’ persecution of the Jews in 1933

A

Books by Jewish authors were publicly burnt.

Jewish civil servants, lawyers and teachers were sacked.

Race science lessons were introduced, teaching that Jews were sub-human.

53
Q

The Nazis’ persecution of the Jews in 1935

A

Nuremberg Laws

54
Q

What did the Nuremberg Laws state?

A

Stripping Jews of German citizenship
Taking away from Jews all civil and political rights

55
Q

The Nazis’ persecution of the Jews in 1938

A

Kristallnacht
Jewish children were forbidden to go to school.
Jews could not be doctors.

56
Q

What happened on the 9th November 1938?

A

Kristallnacht

57
Q

What happened during Kristallnacht?

A

The SS organised attacks on Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues in retaliation for the assassination of the German ambassador to France by a Jew.

58
Q

Kindertransport scheme

A

Scheme of fleeing Jewish Children in Germany to Britain

59
Q

How many months of training did men have to complete at the RAD?

A

6

60
Q

What was the name of the agreement the Catholic Church signed with the Nazis in 1933?

A

The Concordat

  • The agreement stated that the Catholic Church would stay out of politics in Germany.

-However, in 1937 Pope Pius XI publicly criticised the Nazis.

61
Q

What was the name of the Protestant Church established by the Nazis?

A

The Reich Church

  • Under the leadership of the Nazi bishop, Müller, it was established to unify the different branches of Protestantism. Many protestants opposed the Reich Church.
62
Q

What did the three Ks stand for?

A

Kinder, Küche, Kirche

The Nazis expected women to have children (Kinder), staying at home to cook and provide, (Küche) and attend the Reich Church(Kirche).

GCSE Eduqas History (31 decks)

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