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Phgy 455 > WEEK 4- Fibro pt 2 > Flashcards

WEEK 4- Fibro pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

anterolateral system carries what type of info

A

pain temp
crude touch pressure

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2
Q

lateral spino carries what modality

A

pain temp

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3
Q

pain and temp are carries in what type of axons

A

a delta
c

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4
Q

true or false c fibers are faster than a delta

A

false, c is unmyelenated

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5
Q

‘An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage’. described what

A

PAIN

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6
Q

is pain subjective

A

yes

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7
Q

true or false, pain is only expressed by sensory feelings

A

FALSE
whole bunch of networks

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8
Q

pain and temperature are sensed by what type of cutaneous receptor

A

free nerve endings

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9
Q

what general category of receptors does pain get felt by

A

NOCICEPTORS

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10
Q

true or false nociceptors have large diamter axons

A

false

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11
Q

true or false all nociceptors are myelnated

A

false, c fibers are not

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12
Q

true or false nocicpetors conduct fact signals

A

FALSE

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13
Q

which provides more localized location for stimulus touch or pain

A

touch

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14
Q

Transient receptor potential (TRP) can sense what kind of stimuli

A

reacts to heat and capsacian

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15
Q

what is capsacian

A

pepper = hot

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16
Q

what is a TRP

A

specific receptor on the periphery that senses heat and capsacian

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17
Q

does trp only sense heat

A

no capsacian also

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18
Q

true or false there exisst Specific receptors for a variety of stimuli

A

true
chemical, thermal, or mechanical - under

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19
Q

which fibers do we find the receptors in

A

a delta
c

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20
Q

true or false at rest the pore of teh receptor in the neuron for pain is closed

A

true

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21
Q

true or false we have different trp channels

A

true

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22
Q

where are trp channels located

A

DRG

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23
Q

true or false TRP are Ion channels located on the plasma membrane

A

true

24
Q

what do TRP receptors mediate

A

pain, hotness, warmth or coldness, different kinds of tastes, and pressure.

25
Q

for example if we have a trp receptor for temperature , would above 45 degrees be considered painful?

A

yes = starts to be detected as nociceptiron

26
Q

Thermal (Aδ-I fibers) –

A

extreme temperature > 45°C or < 17°C

27
Q

Mechanical (Aδ-II fibers)

A

– intense pressure applied to the skin

28
Q

Polymodal (C-fibers) –

A

high-intensity mechanical, thermal or chemical

29
Q

what can create pain

A

capsasium cream
extremely cold water
needles

30
Q

Thermoreceptive afferents :

A

discharge with non-painful and non- damaging warming of the skin

31
Q

n Nociceptors only begin to discharge

A

with skin temperatures that cause tissue damage

32
Q

true or false nociceptors can sense pain at higher temperatures

A

true

33
Q

do thermoreceptors discriminate between painful temperature and normal temperature

A

yes1

34
Q

how many nociceptor mechanisms do we have (fibers)

A

2

35
Q

sharp initial pain is asscoiated with what fiber

A

a delta

36
Q

dull long lasting second pain is associate dwith which fiber

A

c

37
Q

what othe rmodalities besides pain and temp doe sthe anterolasteral system account for

A

n Non-discriminative touch (in the absence of dorsal columns) n Innocuous warm & cold temperature sensations
n Histamine – hitch
n Slow mechanical sensation – sensual touch
n Sensors of lactic acid released during muscle contraction

38
Q

c fibers synapse have input in what layers of dorsal horn

A

1 and 2

39
Q

a delta fibers have input in what layers of dorsal horn

A

1 and 5

40
Q

true or false Neurons in layer V receive ONLY nociceptive inpiuts

A

false
non nociceptive also

41
Q

where do 2nd neurons cross teh midline

A

AWC

42
Q

what is referred pain

A

Pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus

43
Q

what is the theory that helps explain referred pain

A

Convergence of nociceptors onto the same neurons in the dorsal horn
= visceral disorders felt as cutaneous pain.

44
Q

UNDERSTAND ANTEROLATERAL PATHWAY

A

!

45
Q

know lesion type questions

A

is it ipsilateral or contralateral

46
Q

is pain processed by a single cortical region?

A

no
Pain in processed by diverse and distributed networks / significance unclear

47
Q

what is an example of peripheral sensitixation

A

hyperlagesia

48
Q

what is hyper algesia

A

noxious stimulus that causes MORE pain than it should

49
Q

talk about the chemistry of sensitixation

A

1) Nociceptors are depolarized by chemicals released in the environment around the terminal
2) Nociceptors release substances that contribute to inflammatory processes
3) Some chemicals sensitize the terminals of nociceptors so as to reduce their threshold
4) After sensitization of “pain fibres”, normally non- painful stimuli can cause pain
Protect injured area + promote healing & guard against infection
(↑ blood flow + white cells migration)

50
Q

what is an example of central sensitization

A

allodynia

51
Q

what is allodynia

A

painful reaction to non noxious stimuli

Pain not felt constantly (sensation = light stroking of sunburned skin)

52
Q

wh

A
53
Q

at are two pain modulation tecniques

A

gate theory
endogenous opiods

54
Q

what are examples of exogenous ways to relive pain

A

opioids
cannabis

55
Q

is acute pain useful

A

yes

56
Q

is chronic pain useful

A

she never answered this lol

57
Q
A

Phgy 455 (19 decks)

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