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Phgy 455 > WEEK 9- Cranial nerves, brainstem > Flashcards

WEEK 9- Cranial nerves, brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerveshave both _____ and ______ components

A

motor + sesnory

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2
Q

all but 3 CN emerge fromt he brainstem… which

A

1,2, 11

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3
Q

snesory only CN ?

A

1, 2, 8

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4
Q

motor only cn ?

A

3,4,6,11,12

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5
Q

mixed cn?

A

5,7,9,10

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6
Q

Which divisionof teh autonomic nervous system do cranial nerve play in

A

PARA

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7
Q

true or false parasymp NS has both cranial and sacral dicions

A

true

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8
Q

where are cranial nerve nuclei located

A

brainstem (mostly)

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9
Q

true or false CN 3-12 all have their nuclei in the brainstem

A

false, 11 = in anterior horns of c1-c6

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10
Q

type of modality closest to the midline is

A

somatic motor

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11
Q

the two modalities on either side of the sulcus limitants in the brainstem are

A

visceral motor
visceral sensory

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12
Q

paralysis of facial expression muscles is which cranial berve lesion

A

cranial nerve 7
facial

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13
Q

true or false cranial nerve lesions will present with different symptoms depending on where and at what level the lesion is

A

true

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14
Q

what are the 3 main functions of teh brainstem

A
  1. conduit between brain and spinal cord
  2. source of cranial nerves
  3. consciousness !!1
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15
Q

what are the 3 partitons of teh brainstem

A

midbrain pons medulla

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16
Q

true or false the medulla is the lowest part of the brainstema nd merges into the spinal cord

A

true

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17
Q

what does themedulla regualte>? ( 4 things)

A

heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, temperature (stroke is devastating)

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18
Q

which reflexes are part of the brainstem

A

vomiting
sneezing
digestion
balance

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19
Q

which crossing fibers are part of the medulla

A

pyramidal decussation
internal arcuate fibers (medial lem)

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20
Q

pathways of medial lem and spinal lem (we know this )

A

.

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21
Q

which nuclei are present in the CAUDAL MEDULLA

A

nucleus gracilis an dnucelus cuneatus

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22
Q

what are the medullary oyramids for

A

desceninding corticospinal trcats

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23
Q

what is the inferior olive

A

fine motor behavious

major source of input to the cerebellum / Coordinate signals from the spinal cord to the cerebellum to11 regulate motor coordination and learning

24
Q

what is the pons

A

Mass of decussating fibers that cross the midline

25
Q

what are pontine nucleu for

A
  • Involved in motor activity (relay info from M1 to the cerebellum)
26
Q

what are cerebellar peduncle for

A

Contains the tracts between the brain and cerebellum

27
Q

mesopontine cholinergic system is?

A

arousal, attention, learning, reward, voluntary mvt, locomotion

28
Q

where is LOCUS COERULUS located>

A

pons

29
Q

what is NE for

A

arousal, emotions, mood, autonomic system

30
Q

what is pedunculopontine nucleus

A

acetylcholine projecting cells

31
Q

where do pedunculopontine nucleus have projections

A

ascending projections to inferior frontal cortex/ intralaminar nucleus

32
Q

where do pedunculopontine nucleus receive input from

A

basal ganglia

33
Q

where do pedunculopontine nucleus project to

A

brainstem and motor nuclei

34
Q

what is ACH involved in

A

arousal, attention, learning, reward, and voluntary limb movements and locomotion, REM sleep

35
Q

which two colliculi are part of the midbrain

A

superior
inferioir

36
Q

what is the superior coll involved in

A

involved in vision
involved in multisensory integration
involved in neck & ocular movements

37
Q

Inferior Colliculus is involved in….

A

involved in auditory system

38
Q

midbrain contains which srtuctures

A

substansia nigra
red nucl
cerebral ped

39
Q

sustansia nigra role?

A

dopamine - basal ganglia

40
Q

true or fa;se damage to sub nigra can lead to parkinsons

A

true

41
Q

what is red nucleus for

A

rubrospinal tract = flexors for uppe rlimbs mostly

42
Q

role of cerebral peduncles

A

Massive projections from the cerebral cortex to
brainstem and spinal cord targets

43
Q

which cn nerve nucleus is located in the rostral mid

A

occulomotor
accessory occ

44
Q

what is the reticular formation

A

Numerous clusters of neurons scattered among axon bundles

anat : diffuse networls of nuceli

45
Q

name some functions of the reticular formation

A

Sleep & wakefulness regulation,

mood (serotonin)

Cardiovascular & respiratory digestive controls
Reticulospinal tract (Limb & truck mvts)

46
Q

true or false the reticular formation relays eye and ear signa,s to the cerebellum

A

true

47
Q

wher eis teh RF located in the brainstem (3 distinct areas)

A

midbrain

lower pons

middle medulla

48
Q

wheres does the vestibular nucleus span

A

rostral medulla to caudal pons

49
Q

the medial part of the ventral horn is for

A

axial and proxmial muscles

50
Q

what is the vestibuolospinal tract for

A

rapid posture instability

51
Q

what is teh reticulospinal trcat for

A

postural adjustment during ongoingmovements

52
Q

lateral and intermediate parts of the ventral horn are for:

A

distal muscles

53
Q

what is the rubrospinal trcat for

A

Role in humans is unclear, few neurons in comparison to non- human primates and other mammals

ANAT: FLEXOR POSTURING

54
Q

deceberate posturing ?

A

extended position in coma
extensors predominate = vestibulospinal tract

55
Q

decorticate posturing?

A

flexor muscles predominate

56
Q
A

Phgy 455 (19 decks)

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