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mycology and virology > DNA VIRUSES > Flashcards

DNA VIRUSES Flashcards

1
Q

Icosahedral shaped; enveloped; 90-100 nm

A

HERPES VIRIDAE

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2
Q

Produce latent infection

A

HERPES VIRIDAE

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3
Q

(specific infectious agent without any manifest symptom; remains inactive in the body with no symptoms)

A

latent infection

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4
Q

: latency in nerve cells; HSV 1 & 2, VZV

A

Neurotropic

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5
Q

: latency in lymphocytes (associated with cancer); EBV, CMV

A

Lymphotropic

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6
Q

Reactivation may result from physiological stress

A

HERPES VIRIDAE

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7
Q

When reactivated, symptoms are usually milder than primary infection except shingles which is the reactivation of VZV

A

HERPES VIRIDAE

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8
Q

characteristic lesions

A

HERPES VIRIDAE

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9
Q

: scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells

A

Tzanck Test

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10
Q

(multinucleated giant cells) - most commonly seen in microscope

A

Tzanck cells

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11
Q

commonly infects skin and mucous membranes

A

(HSV, VZV)

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12
Q

internal infection

A

(CMV, EBV)

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13
Q

produces intranuclear inclusions and multinucleated giant cells

A

HERPES VIRIDAE

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14
Q

• used to treat infections caused by certain viruses

A

Acyclovir

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15
Q

• treats cold sores around the mouth, shingles, and chicken pox

A

Acyclovir

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16
Q

Non-enveloped
Icosahedral

A

PAPOVIRIDAE

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17
Q

22-26 nm

A

PARVOVIRIDAE

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18
Q

only DNA virus pathogenic to man with a single stranded genome

A

PARVOVIRIDAE

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19
Q

smallest icosahedral DNA virus

A

PARVOVIRIDAE

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20
Q

endemic zoonotic infection

A

PARVOVIRIDAE

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21
Q

replicate entirely within the cytoplasm

A

POXVIRIDAE

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22
Q

MOT POXVIRIDAE

A

Inhalation

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23
Q

POXVIRIDAE CONTROL

A

Vaccination

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24
Q

220-450 nm (largest DNA)

A

POXVIRIDAE

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25
Q

RNA, naked virion

A

HEPATITIS A

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26
Q

24-30 nm

A

HEPATITIS A

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27
Q

Family Picornaviridae

A

HEPATITIS A

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28
Q

Mortality rate: 1%

A

HEPATITIS A

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29
Q

Fatality rate: 30%

A

VARIOLA MAJOR

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30
Q

Fatality rate: 1%

A

VARIOLA MINOR

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31
Q

DNA, envelope

A

HEPATITIS B

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32
Q

42-47 nm

A

HEPATITIS B

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33
Q

dane particles (complete Hepatitis B virus)

A

HEPATITIS B

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34
Q

Family Hepadnaviridae

A

HEPATITIS B

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35
Q

Only DNA virus amongst Hepadnaviridae

A

HEPATITIS B

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36
Q

Contains RNA and has a lipid envelope

A

HEPATITIS C

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37
Q

Family: Flaviviridae (under RNA viruses)

A

HEPATITIS C

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38
Q

Most common cause of Non-A and Non-B Hepatitis

A

HEPATITIS C

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39
Q

Common worldwide

A

HEPATITIS C

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40
Q

No vaccine for Hepatitis C

A

HEPATITIS C

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41
Q

Contains RNA, naked virus

A

HEPATITIS D

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42
Q

35-37 nm

A

HEPATITIS D

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43
Q

“D”

A

Delta virus

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44
Q

RNA, 32-34 nm

A

HEPATITIS E

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45
Q

most common cause of Hepatitis in countries with poor sanitation

A

HEPATITIS E

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46
Q

RNA and has an envelope

A

HEPATITIS G

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47
Q

Common worldwide but not pathogenic

A

HEPATITIS G

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48
Q

fecal-oral route, contaminated shellfish

A

HAV

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49
Q

Mnemonic for Hepatitis with fecal oral route: TAE-

A

Hepatitis A and E

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50
Q

contaminated blood products, needle sticks, tattoos, body piercing, intravenous drug abuse, and renal dialysis

A

HBV

51
Q

Can also be sexually transmitted

A

HBV

52
Q

contaminated blood products, organ transplants (most common reason for liver transplant in the US), renal dialysis, and intravenous drug abuse

A

HCV

53
Q

(most common reason for liver transplant in the US)

A

organ transplants

54
Q

: where an individual acquires both HDV and HBV at the same time

A

Co-infection

55
Q

: when a patient with an HBV infection is exposed to HDV

A

Superinfection

56
Q

Superinfection IS

A

more severe than co-infection because it might lead to liver failure

57
Q

fecal-oral route (often in contaminated water

A

HEV

58
Q

contact with blood, sexually transmitted, mother to children

A

HGV

59
Q

HAV Incubation period:

A

15-40 days

60
Q

Jaundice, nausea, anorexia, malaise

A

HAV

61
Q

HBV Incubation period: (longest incubation period, followed by Hepa C, then Hepa A)

A

50-180 days

62
Q

HCV Incubation period: (2nd long incubation Hepatitis B)

A

2 to25 weeks

63
Q

HBV Acute infections:

A

produce symptoms resembling HAV infections

64
Q

HBV Chronic infections:

A

cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

65
Q

HCV Acute HCV:

A

mild or asymptomatic

66
Q

Chronic HCV:

A

chronic hepatitis (cirrhosis)

67
Q

HAV DIAGNOSIS

A

Alanine aminotransferase and serologic test (use of serological markers)

68
Q

HBV DIAGNOSIS

A

clinical symptoms (fever, headache, malaise, jaundice) and
elevated liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST and GGT); serology

69
Q

HCV DIAGNOSIS

A

Elevated liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST and GGT)
Serologic indicators (anti-HCV and HCV antigen)
Nucleic amplification specific for acid (NAT)

70
Q

: RNA sequencinG; also used for the detection of Coronavirus and HIV

A

Nucleic amplification specific for acid (NAT)

71
Q

HAV SEROLOGICA L INDICATORS

A

Anti-HAV IgM (+): acute infection
Anti-HAV IgG (+) and anti-HAV (-): infection

72
Q

: acute infection

A

Anti-HAV IgM (+)

73
Q

: pus infection

A

Anti-HAV IgG (+) and anti-HAV (-)

74
Q

HBV SEROLOGICA L INDICATORS

A
75
Q

: first marker to be positive but will become negative as patient recovers;

A

HBsAg

76
Q

In chronic infection it will remain positive

A

HBsAg

77
Q

Presence of [?] indicates that the patient is infectious

A

HBsAg

HBeAg

78
Q

: indicates recovery or immunity after HBV vaccination and antibody is generally present for life

A

Anti-Hbs

79
Q

: acute infection

A

HBcAg

80
Q

As anti-Hbs is forming, the level of HBsAg is.

A

decreasing

81
Q

During this transition, there is a point where both markers are undetectable –

A

HBcAg:

82
Q

HBcAg: The only indicator is

A

AntiHbC IgM

83
Q

Core window or core period HBeAg: positive in acute and chronic stages

A

HBcA

84
Q

Presence of this marker indicates that the patient is infectious

A

HBcAg

85
Q

: associated with a good prognosis

A

Anti-Hbe

86
Q

Hepatitis

A

HBV

87
Q

Inflammatory condition of the liver

A

HBV

88
Q

Manifested by jaundice

A

HBV

89
Q

May be asymptomatic●

A

HBV

90
Q

With carrier state

A

HBV

91
Q

May be chronic and may lead to cirrhosis

A

HBV

92
Q

HAV CONTROL

A

vaccination

93
Q

HBV CONTROL

A

screening of blood; vaccine (All healthcare workers are recommended for Hepatitis B vaccine)

94
Q

Mild case: mild fever and general malaise

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1

95
Q

Gingivostomatitis- seen in children and young adults

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1

96
Q

Recurrent oral-labial infection aka

A

cold sores/ fever blisters

97
Q

Infection of the cornea aka

A

keratitis

98
Q

Herpes encephalitis

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1

99
Q

Causative agent of genital herpes

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2

100
Q

Meningitis encephalitis

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2

101
Q

Infant infection (during childbirth)

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2

102
Q

severe eye infections CNS damage

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2

103
Q

Common STD

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2

104
Q

● Primary (common childhood; infection during more severe when acquired during adulthood)

A

VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX

105
Q

MOT: respiratory aerosols from vesicular skin lesions of infected individuals

A

VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX

106
Q

Symptoms: rash and fever

A

VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX

107
Q

VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX Incubation Period:

A

1-2 weeks

108
Q

Reactivation of VZV (common in elderly)

A

ZOSTER/SHINGLES

109
Q

Characteristics: skin vesicles, often on one side of the body, and severe pain around the skin lesions

A

ZOSTER/SHINGLES

110
Q

Complications: CNS disorder, eye problems, and facial paralysis

A

ZOSTER/SHINGLES

111
Q

Diagnosis: clinical symptoms

A

ZOSTER/SHINGLES

112
Q

Asymptomatic infection

A

CMV

113
Q

Jaundice
Hepatosplenomegaly
CNS disorder
Fever hepatitis syndrome

A

CMV

114
Q

Fever hepatitis syndrome (can be acquired by neonate and transplant patient)

A

CMV

115
Q

Interstitial Pneumonia (can be acquired by immunocompromised patient)

A

CMV

116
Q

Aka disease” “kissers DISEASE

A

EBV

117
Q

● Infectious mononucleosis
● Burkitt lymphoma

A

EBV

118
Q

● Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

EBV

119
Q

● Hodgkin disease

A

EBV

120
Q

SYMPTOMS: Fever, malaise pharyngitis

A

EBV

121
Q

(Roseolavirus/Sixth disease)

A

HHV6

122
Q

Acquired through respiratory secretions

A
123
Q

Childhood disease characterized by fever, rash and sore throat

A

mycology and virology (24 decks)

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